Since Harman proposed the "free-radical theory of aging", oxidative stress is postulated to be a major causal factor of senescence. Accumulation of oxidative stress-induced oxidatively modified macromolecules including protein, DNA, and lipid, were found in tissues during the aging process. However, it is not necessarily clear which factor is more critical for an increase in endogenous reactive...

Aging begins at maturity and is characterized by increasing deviations from an ideal functional state. One major reason for this is thought to be oxydatif stress. The brain is particularly susceptible to oxidative damage. Besides neurons, glial cells, a major family of neural cells, are directly involved in vital brain functions and particularly in the brain antioxidant defence. This review bri...

The human brain, especially the prefrontal cortex (PFC), is functionally and anatomically reorganized in order to adapt to neuronal challenges in aging. This study employed structural MRI, resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI), and high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI), and examined the functional and structural reorganization of the PFC in aging using a Chinese sample of 173 subjects aged f...

Aging of the human brain is associated with "normal" functional, structural, and molecular changes that underlie alterations in cognition, memory, mood and motor function, amongst other processes. Normal aging also imposes a robust constraint on the onset of many neurological diseases, ranging from late onset neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD), to...

Heart failure has served as a clinically useful model for understanding how cardiac dysfunction is associated with neuroanatomic and neuropsychological changes in aging adults, theoretically because systemic hypoperfusion disrupts cerebral perfusion, contributing to clinical brain injury. This review summarizes more recent data suggesting that subtle cardiac dysfunction or low normal levels of ...

Contrary to the known benefits from a moderate dietary reduction during adulthood on life span and health, maternal nutrient reduction during pregnancy is supposed to affect the developing brain, probably resulting in impaired brain structure and function throughout life. Decreased fetal nutrition delivery is widespread in both developing and developed countries, caused by poverty and natural d...

Aging contributes to physiological decline and vulnerability to disease. In the brain, even with minimal neuronal loss, aging increases oxidative damage, inflammation, demyelination, impaired processing, and metabolic deficits, particularly during pathological brain aging. In this review, the possible role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the prevention of age-related disruption of brain functi...

A method to assess the aging of a human subject by modeling the devolution of the textural features in brain images using a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) is described in this paper. Normally, the brain white matter (BWM) undergoes degenerative changes in its physical and functional stochastics during the aging process. Relevant structural morphology observed in the brain complex can be ...