Ecosystem is a unit of ecological community, comprised of biological, physical, and chemical components. The coastal ecosystem is the region of highly dynamic, diverse and productive region on the earth due to the combined action of physical features and bio-chemical processes from land and ocean. Coastal habitats perform a variety of important functions within the ecosystem and support the lif...

The water column in brackish and saline lakes hosts various forms of sulfur including sulfide (hydrosulfide), elemental, thiosulfate, sulfate sulfur. unequal distribution these reduced species indicates the presence two opposing processes - reduction oxidation newly formed hydrogen sulfide. scale varies among lakes, resulting differing proportions forms. bacterial ions is confirmed by a signifi...

The coastal, unconfined aquifer at Huntington Beach, California contains saline groundwater (33 psu) adjacent to the water line, and a brackish groundwater (BGW) mixing zone (3–9 psu) approximately 50m from the water line. According to salinity and water isotope analyses, the BGW composition varies spatially in the alongshore direction. Measurements obtained from two BGW wells indicate this wat...

Low-temperature synthesis experiments on ferric oxide–water systems have resulted in disparate oxygen isotope fractionation–temperature (a-T) curves. In this study, recent ferric oxides, mostly goethites of Holocene age, were collected and analyzed from a variety of modern soil, stream, and marine environments, where formation temperature and the oxygen isotopic composition (dO) of the water fr...

Global climate change can potentially increase the transmission of mosquito vector-borne diseases such as malaria, lymphatic filariasis, and dengue in many parts of the world. These predictions are based on the effects of changing temperature, rainfall, and humidity on mosquito breeding and survival, the more rapid development of ingested pathogens in mosquitoes and the more frequent blood feed...

Fishborne zoonotic metacercariae have not been reported from brackish water and marine fish from Vietnam waters although these parasites are common in the country's freshwater fish. Both wild-caught and cultured grouper (Epinephelus coioides and Epinephelus bleekeri), and mullet (Mugil cephalus) from brackish and marine waters located in Khanh Hoa province in central coastal Vietnam were examin...

Inorganic lead has been measured in high concentrations in certain streams in Brazil. This study has evaluated the osmoregulatory effects of lead on the native freshwater red crab Dilocarcinus pagei. In order to probe its osmoregulatory and tissue volume regulatory capabilities and how it would be affected by lead, the crab has been submitted to individual and combined salt and chemical stresse...

Phylogenetic hypotheses, biogeographic dispersal models, and evolutionary scenarios are difficult to form but easy to reject: a single fossil may be sufficient. Previously neglected or inaccessible regions bear high potential for the discovery of such fossils, because they shed light on new faunas with unorthodox combinations of taxa, and sometimes reveal representatives of clades that were not...

Many coastal marine systems have extensive areas with anoxic sediments and it is not well known how these conditions affect the benthic-pelagic coupling. Zooplankton lay their eggs in the pelagic zone, and some sink and lie dormant in the sediment, before hatched zooplankton return to the water column. In this study, we investigated how oxygenation of long-term anoxic sediments affects the hatc...