Capacitive Deionization [2] (CDI [3]) is a water [4] purification process that offers promise in the deionization of salt and brackish water [4]. The process can create potable water [4] out of salt laden water [4] by using electric currents to separate the ions in the solution and attract them to cathode and anode plates. These plates act as filters, drawing salt and other ionized metals out o...

The cosmopolitan oligochaete worm, Nais elinguis, is common to fresh and brackish water habitats. This species was found while investigating the limnology of two rivers alongside the Iranian coasts and has not been reported in the Iranian freshwater fauna and Caspian Sea before. N. elinguis was collected bimonthly from Cheshmehkileh and Sardabrood estuaries using a Van Veen grab (0.03 m2) and S...

A ®eld lysimeter study was conducted to investigate the effect of initial soil salinity and salinity level of brackish subirrigation water on tuber weight and tuber size of three potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars (Kennebec, Norland and Russet Burbank) under simulated arid conditions. Both saline and non-saline initial soil conditions were simulated in a total of 36 lysimeters. Eighteen ly...

electrochemically generated iron can remove most contaminants present in water and wast water, by precipitation, adsorption, electrostatic interaction, and complex formation (generally called electrocoagulation-ec). in the present paper, pretreatment of brackish water having high total hardness (th), alkalinity (a),  and cl¯ ions, is studied by application of a dc-electrical current ot the iron...

In three species of brackish^water puffer fish (Tetraodontidae) the corneas are colourless in the dark but become yellow in the light, through the migration of pigment in chromatophore cells lining the corneal margirts. Spectrophotometry indicted the pigment to be a carotenoid. The threshold and time course of pigment migration ware determined, and the effects of Unilateral illumination and opt...

The rational utilization of unconventional water sources is great significance to areas where conventional resources are scarce, and resource allocation an important way realize the distribution multiple sources. This paper constructs a system integrating model data parameter database, supply demand prediction module, groundwater numerical simulation module module. Taking brackish as main resea...

An attempt has been made to estimate methane fluxes from a tropical coastal wetland the Vembanad Lake, a lagoon along the West Coast of India. It has been found that Vembanad Lake contributes significant amount of methane to the atmosphere. Average emissions varied spatially within the lake. Methane emissions were 193.2 +/- 24.5 mg m(-2) h(-1) at Kumaragam (fresh water) as compared to 9.3 +/- 9...

A new method for classifying soft-bottom zoobenthic assemblages along the Finnish coasts (northern Baltic Sea) is presented and tested against traditional physicochemical monitoring data in the complex Archipelago Sea. Although multivariate methods for assessing the state of the marine environment have become widely used, few numerical indices can operate over a wide salinity range. We compare ...

Service experience from 27 seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plants confirms that there is an evident risk of corrosion if wrong steel grade is used for the high pressure piping. Neither 316L nor 317L possesses sufficient corrosion resistance. Not even highly alloyed grades like 2205 and 904L show reliable service performance. However, no corrosion has been reported for 254 SMO, which has been us...