BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Non-invasive evaluation of endothelial function with high resolution ultrasound has become a widely accepted tool in determination of high risk subjects for early atherosclerosis. Despite its simple appearance, ultrasonographic assessment of brachial artery changes, is technically challenging and has a significant learning curve. In the present study, we evaluate the i...

AIM OF THE STUDY Endothelial function as assessed by brachial artery flow mediated vasodilatation (FMD) has been shown to be impaired in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Since diabetes mellitus (DM) has been considered to be CAD risk-equivalent, we sought to determine whether endothelial dysfunction is present in patients with DM independent of presence of CAD. METHODOLOGY One hun...

Arterial elasticity is determined by structural characteristics of the artery wall and by vascular smooth muscle tone. The identity of endogenous vasoactive substances that regulate elasticity has not been defined in humans. We hypothesized that NO, a vasodilator released constitutively by the endothelium, augments arterial elasticity. Seven healthy young men were studied. A 20-MHz intravascula...

Periferik arter anevrizmaları, üst ekstremitelerde alt ekstremitelerden çok daha az görülür. Hemodiyaliz için yapılan venöz kateterizasyon esnasında istenmeden meydana gelen brakiyal arter delinmesine sekonder dev brakiyal arter psödoanevrizma oluşumu nadirdir. Bu psödoanevrizmalar; yaşamı tehdit eden kanama, ekstremite fonksiyonlarında ciddi azalma, kol ya da parmakların kaybı ve hatta ölüm gi...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies indicate that estrogen replacement therapy decreases the risk of cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women. Estrogen may confer cardiovascular protection by improving endothelial function because it increases endothelium-dependent vasodilation. It is not known whether progesterone attenuates the beneficial effects of estrogen on endothelial function. MET...

BACKGROUND Use of upper-arm arterial occlusion to induce reactive hyperemia, and endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, induces greater conduit vessel dilatation than lower-arm occlusion. However, brachial artery ischemia after upper arm arterial occlusion may make this approach unreliable. We studied whether upper or lower arm occlusions differ in their abil...

BACKGROUND To our knowledge there are no cases in the literature of traumatic vascular injury of the brachial artery by elbow hyperextension without elbow dislocation based on either clinical or radiological evidence. CASE PRESENTATION We present the first case of complete brachial artery rupture resulting from a hyperextension injury to an elbow, without dislocation. The history, early asses...

Brachial artery aneurysms are relatively rare and are mostly pseudoaneurysms rather than true aneurysms, as true aneurysms are even rarer entities. Patients can be asymptomatic, or present with pulsatile masses, or ischemia due to associated thromboembolic complications. Distal embolism can occur with transient or minimal ischemic symptoms; however, aneurysm itself can thrombose entirely. The a...

The brachial artery is rarely injured after closed dislocation of the elbow. We describe an unusual variation of this injury, namely, a delayed thrombosis of the brachial artery after a closed dislocation sustained during a low-energy fall. This has not previously been described in the English literature, but may be more common than this suggests. We stress the importance of a thorough neurovas...