The reinforcing bar deformation patterns currently used in the U.S. were established over 45 years ago. In the interim, material properties and design procedures have changed, resulting in more congested reinforcement, the use of higher strength materials, and the application of coatings to provide corrosion protection. Based on an improved understanding of the interaction between reinforcing s...

BACKGROUND The indoor built environment has the potential to influence levels of physical activity. However, the extent to which architectural design in commercial buildings can influence the percentage of people choosing to use the stairs versus elevators is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if buildings with centrally located, accessible, and aesthetically pleasing staircase...

Disproportionate collapse analysis aims to assure that frames, a common structural system of buildings, can survive unforeseen local events and a central modeling tool of such abnormal deterioration is the concept of column loss. This paper formulates an appropriate computational model on the basis of mathematical optimization, using the collapse load analysis problem of steel frames with pre-e...

A new type of connection has been developed for steel-braced frame systems that allows the brace members to undergo compression buckling in in-plane direction. In addition inherent benefits (IPB) braces help reducing extent damage non-structural components, IPB system is also considered be an efficient way retrofitting existing seismically deficient structures. The use compact and thicker gusse...

In this paper, an adaptable and architecturally flexible lateral stiffening system for tall timber buildings between 50 147 m is developed investigated. The based on a tube-in-tube concept. internal tube consists of braced core, the external frame structure with semi-rigid beam-column joints in façade. Based finite element framework, more than 500 000 simulations different configurations are ca...

latticed columns are frequently used in industrial steel structures. in some countries these built-up columns might be even used in other types of steel structures such as residential and commercial buildings. besides, latticed columns are parts of skeletons of many historic buildings all around the world. to analyze a steel structure with latticed columns a more accurate numerical model for su...

There are several idealizations in numerical analysis of structures. In the joints and supports, which is usually assumed to be pinned or rigid, semi-rigid connection should be considered to obtain more realistic, reliable and also economical results. In this study, rotational spring stiffness-connection ratio relation is clearly explained and revealed. A finite element program SEMIFEM is devel...

This study introduces applications of structural topology optimization to buildings and civil engineering structures. Topology optimization problems utilize the firmest mathematical basis, to account for improved weight-to-stiffness ratio and perceived aesthetic appeal of specific structural forms, enabling the solid isotropic material with penalization (SIMP) technique. Structural topology opt...

Strengthening of the existing seismically deficient reinforced concrete (RC) buildings is an important issue in earthquake prone regions. Addition of RC shear wall as infill or external walls into the structural system has been a commonly preferred strengthening technique since the Big Erzincan Earthquake occurred in Turkey, 1992. The newly added rigid infill walls act primarily as shear walls ...