Language production comprises conceptual, grammatical, and word form encoding as well as articulation. This paper focuses on word form or phonological encoding. Phonological encoding in speech production can be subdivided into a number of sub-processes such as segmental, metrical, and syllabic encoding. Each of these processes is briefly described and illustrated with examples from my own resea...

A robot is free to move in a non-convex polygonal region, starting against an edge on the boundary. Ahead of the robot at one unit of distance is a corner, i.e. a reflex vertex (see Figure 1). The angle θ is unknown to the robot. The robot’s task is to look at the region around the corner, which it initially cannot see. We let φ = π − θ. If φ ≥ π/2, the robot is best off moving straight to the ...

Candle stick bars contain only the first, highest, lowest, and last value of a time series of dozens or thousands of data (see Figure 1). Therefore candle sticks bars are a data compression tool. Mr. Homma in Sakata, Japan, introduced candle stick bars for trading rice around 1850 [1]. The Western version of the candle stick bar is the Open-High-Low-Close bar (OHLC bar). It is commonly used to ...

A heptagonal triangle is a non-isosceles triangle formed by three vertices of a regular heptagon. Its angles are π 7 , 2π 7 and 4π 7 . As such, there is a unique choice of a companion heptagonal triangle formed by three of the remaining four vertices. Given a heptagonal triangle, we display a number of interesting companion pairs of heptagonal triangles on its nine-point circle and Brocard circ...

Naturally occurring phenomena in space often (if not always) cannot be precisely defined because of the intrinsic uncertainty of their features. The location of animal refuges might not be precisely known, and the path of rivers might be uncertain due to water volume fluctuations and changing land characteristics. The extension of lakes can also change and thus have uncertain areas. All these a...

Let Q be the field of rationals numbers. We prove that: (1) if x, y ∈ R (n > 1) and |x− y| is constructible by means of ruler and compass then there exists a finite set Sxy ⊆ R containing x and y such that each map from Sxy to R n preserving unit distance preserves the distance between x and y, (2) if x, y ∈ Q then there exists a finite set Sxy ⊆ Q containing x and y such that each map from Sxy...

Figure 1. A diagram depicting th e hybrid biological/organic photochemical half-cell. This report describes our progress towards the design, assembly, characterization, and optimization of a biological/organic hybrid photochemical halfcell. This device will couple PS I, which efficiently captures and stores energy derived from sunlight, with either an [FeFe]-H2ase or a [NiFe]-H2ase, which can g...

L awsuits aimed at compelling legislatures to increase school funding have been filed in some 42 states. Courts have found for the plaintiffs in more than half of the cases on the grounds that schools are not “adequately” funded (see Figure 1). These decisions have, in effect, changed the way education appropriations are made, moving decisionmaking from legislatures to the courts. Instead of fl...

Knowing where people look is a useful tool in many various image and video applications. However, traditional gaze tracking hardware is expensive and requires local study participants, so acquiring gaze location data from a large number of participants is very problematic. In this work we propose a crowdsourced method for acquisition of gaze direction data from a virtually unlimited number of p...

cu lty R es ea rc h N ew sl et te r 4 that lie on the circle and take only the ones inside it. Given points P and Q in our space, the "line through P and Q" is interpreted as the arc of the circle through P and Q that intersects C at right angles (see Figure 1). With these interpretations of the words "point" and "line", it can be shown that the fifth postulate fails because given a line L and ...