viii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Materials and Methods 63 Chapter 3: Isolation and Growth of Bovine 113 Coronaviruses Chapter 4: Monoclonal Antibodies to Bovine 133 Coronavirus Chapter 5: Structural Proteins of Bovine 172 Coronavirus Chapter 6: Strain Comparison of Bovine Coronaviruses 212 Chapter 7: Animal Models of Bovine Coronavirus 259 Infection Chapter 8: General Discussion 285 Ap...

The nutritional, physicochemical, and functional properties of milk are affected by thermal processing. Buffalo make a substantial contribution to global production but there have been comparatively few studies on how processing affects the buffalo milk. This paper critically reviews current knowledge regarding changes during storage milk, milk-based products, buffalo-bovine blends. Heating res...

The second member of the Na(+)/glucose cotransporter family, SGLT2, is a low-affinity active glucose transporter. In humans, it is predominantly located on the apical membrane of the S1 and S2 segments of renal proximal convoluted tubules, and, thus, may be mainly responsible for the reabsorption of D-glucose from the glomerular filtrate. By BLAST searching the GenBank database, we found expres...

?-Lactalbumin (?-LA) and ?-lactoglobulin (?-LG) were isolated from yak milk identified by mass spectrometry. The variant of ?-LA (L8IIC8) in had 123 amino acids, the sequence differed bovine milk. acid at site 71 was Asn (N) domestic milk, but Asp (D) wild sequences. Yak ?-LG 2 variants, A (P02754) E (L8J1Z0). Both contained E, it absent 158 ?-Lg Gly (G) Glu (E) bovine. secondary structures sli...

This guidanceis specifically aimed at guiding the reporting of information to EFSA under framework Regulation (EC) No 999/2001. The technical aspects for surveillance data on Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in bovine animals, scrapieand genotyping small ruminants (sheep and goats) Chronic Wasting Disease cervids are covered. guidanceexplains individual elements Standard Sample Description vers...

3450 bovine from different breeds and ages were clinically examined for the presence of arthritis. 120 cases showed macroscopic evidences of arthritis. Mycoplasma spp were isolated from synovial fluid of 21 affected animals. In addition to Mycoplasma spp. Arcanobacterium pyogenes and Staphylococcus epidermidis were isolated from 2 cases. The synovial fluid was markedly increased, straw color, t...

To understand the mechanism of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune demyelinating disease, the researchers developed an experimental animal model for MS, which is called EAE (Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis). There are several methods for inducing this animal model. In this research the active EAE, which is developed by injecting bovine myelin antigens into genetically susceptibl...