The vestimentiferan annelid Riftia pachyptila forms dense populations at hydrothermal vents along the East Pacific Rise at a depth of 2600 m. It harbors CO(2)-assimilating sulfide-oxidizing bacteria that provide all of its nutrition. To find specific host transcripts that could be important for the functioning of this symbiosis, we used a subtractive suppression hybridization approach to identi...

According to current concepts, acidification of the urine in the distal tubule and final removal of bicarbonate from the glomerular filtrate occur by a process of ion exchange in which hydrogen ions within tubular cells are exchanged for sodium in the filtrate (1). It is thought that carbonic anhydrase catalyzes an essential reaction which either directly supplies hydrogen ions to the exchange ...

The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazoleamide, (2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadazole-5 sulfonamide, 6063, Diamox®), is believed to decrease the exchange of hydrogen for sodium ions in the renal tubule (1). Alkalinization of the urine with sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate diuresis is found after its administration, both in normal people and in patients with cardiac failure (2). Except for the repo...

A 29.5 kDa intracellular alpha-type carbonic anhydrase, designated Cah3, from the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is the first of this type discovered inside a photosynthetic eukaryote cell. We describe the cloning of a cDNA which encodes the protein. Immunoblot studies with specific antibodies raised against Cah3 demonstrate that the polypeptide is associated exclusively with ...

In the present experiments we investigated the effects of adrenalectomy and aldosterone, DOCA and hydrocortisone replacement on carbonic anhydrase activity in various organs of rats and mice. At the same time we reviewed all the experimental results hitherto obtained, and discussed the mechanism of action of aldosterone on the kidney. The characteristic feature of the action of aldosterone on r...

The developmental profile and cellular localization of carbonic anhydrase C (carbonate dehydratase; carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.1) in the neural retina of chicken embryos and adults were investigated by immunochemical and immunohistochemical methods. Carbonic anhydrase C is present in the retina by the 3rd day of embryonic development. In the undifferentiated retina, it is detectable in vir...

CO2 H2O^ HCO3 H (Eq. 1) The first carbonic anhydrase was purified from erythrocytes in 1933 (1) followed by the characterization of several mammalian isozymes that dominated research on carbonic anhydrase until recently. Although it has been known since the 1940s that carbonic anhydrase is ubiquitous in plants (2), where it is essential for CO2 fixation, relatively few studies had been reported...

Acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction can be inhibited by high doses of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide. This study aimed to determine whether acetazolamide is effective at dosing relevant to human use at high altitude and to investigate whether its efficacy against hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is dependent on carbonic anhydrase inhibition by testing other potent heteroc...

Reaction of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides containing a free amino group with triflic anhydride afforded compounds possessing trifluoromethanesulfonamido moieties in their molecule. The Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes of these new sulfonamides were prepared and characterized by standard procedures (elemental analysis, spectroscopic, magnetic, thermogravimetric and conductimetric measurements). ...