Abstract Water-mass transformation by turbulent mixing is a key part of the deep-ocean overturning, as it drives upwelling dense waters formed at high latitudes. Here, we quantify this and its underpinning processes in small Southern Ocean basin: Orkney Deep. Observations reveal focusing transport density space deep western boundary current (DWBC) flows through region, associated with lightenin...

Successful flow control may bring numerous benefits, such as stabilization, reattachment, separation delay, drag reduction, lift increase, aerodynamic performance improvement, energy efficiency shock delay or weakening, noise etc. For these purposes, many different devices, which can be classified passive, semi-active and active, have been designed tested. This review paper aims to highlight th...

A boundary element method has been developed for the analysis of 3D eddy current problems. This method is based on the boundary integral equation formulation with equivalent electric and magnetic currents and electric charge as unknowns. Linear shape functions, defined parametrically over a quadrilateral element, have been selected for the Galerkin’s method.

The vector Boundary Element Method (vBEM) is used for the calculation of a matrix that links the tangential components of the current density on the cortical and scalp surface. This so-called transfer matrix is compared to the transfer matrix that links the potential distribution on both surfaces. Forward and inverse calculations are performed to evaluate both types of transfer matrices. Keywor...

We determine the structure of the hydrodynamics with conserved current, using the gauge/ gravity duality of charged black-hole background. It turns out that even in the presence of the external electromagnetic field at the boundary, bulk Einstein equation is equivalent to the boundary conservation of energy momentum tensor and that of current. As a consequence, the thermal conductivity and elec...

A new impedance boundary condition method for calculating the series impedance of lossy quasi-TEM transmission lines is presented. Previous techniques using a more standard impedance boundary condition are typically limited to high frequency where the impedance boundary conditions can be easily approximated due to its localized characteristics in that limit. The new impedance boundary condition...

Chern insulators are periodic band insulators with the property that their projector onto the occupied bands have non-zero Chern number. Chern insulator with a homogeneous boundary display continuum spectrum that fills the entire insulating gap. The local density of states corresponding to this part of the spectrum is localized near the boundary, hence the terminology edge spectrum. An interest...

INTRODUCTION A mechanism for ST depression arising on the epicardial surface over the border between normal and ischemic tissue is proposed. Depression is caused by current flowing in a transmural loop that begins and ends at the lateral boundary between healthy and ischemic tissue and passes through the transmural boundary between healthy and ischemic tissue. The result is ST depression at the...