BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hemodynamics is often recognized as one of the major factors in aneurysm rupture. Flow impingement, greater pressure, and abnormal wall shear stress are all indications for aneurysm rupture. Characterizing wall shear stress for intracranial aneurysms at similar anatomic locations may help in understanding its role. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six intracranial aneurysms...

It is well known that along-isobath flow above a sloping bottom gives rise to cross-isobath Ekman transport and therefore sets up horizontal density gradients if the ocean is stratified. These transports in turn eventually bring the along-isobath bottom velocity, hence bottom stress, to rest (‘‘buoyancy arrest’’) simply by means of the thermal wind shear. This problem is revisited here. A modif...

Shear stress activates cellular signaling involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and migration. However, the mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation under interstitial flow are not fully understood. Here, we show the increased osteogenic differentiation of MSCs under exposure to constant, extremely low shear stress created by osmotic pressure-induced flow in a mi...

FIG. S1. Influence of shear stress on cell directionality. (a) The polar histogram demonstrates distribution of angles of net migration vectors for a population of 100 cells; in the absence of any shearotactic signal (σ = 0 Pa) random cellular migration is observed. (b) Shear stress level of σ = 0.05 Pa with a population of 126 cells. Even at such exceptionally low shear stress level, we observ...

The adaptation of vascular endothelial cells to shear stress alteration induced by global hemodynamic changes, such as those accompanying exercise or digestion, is an essential component of normal endothelial physiology in vivo. An understanding of the transient regulation of endothelial phenotype during adaptation to changes in mural shear will advance our understanding of endothelial biology ...

We demonstrated recently that plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, are increased by high salt intake concomitantly with a decrease in plasma levels of NO in human hypertension. We investigated the effect of shear stress on ADMA release in 2 types of cells: transformed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs; c...

Background: Interstitial flow in and around tumour tissue not only has particular importance in delivering anticancer agents to tumour tissue, but also affects the microenvironment to modulate tumour cell growth and metastasis. We investigated the roles of flow-induced shear stress in modulating radiosensitivity in two colon cancer cell lines and the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Luminal shear stress has been reported to constrict cerebral arteries and arterioles of several species. Although the endothelium is not required for this response, it is not known whether the endothelium enhances or attenuates shear stress-induced constrictions. METHODS Middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) were isolated from male Long-Evans rats, mounted in a tissue bath, a...