since its introduction in 1959, translation quality assessment (tqa) has been among the most addressed research topics in translation studies. during recent years, there has been a crucial increase on the study of tqa. various methods have come on scene. although these methods are based on scientific theories, most of them have remained at the level of theory. juliane house’s model is among tho...

abstract global financial crisis has created too many problems in relations among governments. among these problems, the issue of global monetary management, more than every time in the past four decades, has been moved in the center of international economic attentions. a problem which is specially known with the monetary hostility between united states and public republic of china. where ar...

One of the rugs of Houshang Shahi, which has some different visual elements from other rugs in this category, is a rug called Houshang Shah with Western diplomats. The simultaneous presence of the mythical king of Iran and the foreigners in a modern dress in this rug, as well as how it can be related to the active elements of this text, is an issue that has been less considered so far. The main...

foreign policy takes root from complicated matters. however, this issue may be more truth about armenia. although the new government of armenia is less than 20 years, people of this territory are the first ones who officially accepted christianity. in very past times, these people were a part of great emperors like iran, rome, and byzantium.armenia is regarded as a nation with a privileged hist...

Golestān Palace is the remnant of the historic citadel of Tehran, which dates back to the Safavid period, and the Zandiyeh and Fatḥ-Ali Shah Qajar. But because of extensive repairs by Nasser al-Din Shah in 1905, most of the buildings in this complex are regarded to be from the Nasseri era. Golestān Palace was the residence of the Qajar kings and the country’s administrative heart whose architec...

در آن حوزه ای که امروزه هنر دوران قاجار دانسته می شود، یک بخش مهم شامل تجربیات پیچیده ای بود که به بازنمایی تصویری شاه و صاحب منصبان بستگی داشت. این سلسله از کردارهای معطوف به تصویر در آن روزگار اهمیتی ویژه داشت، اما طی همین زمان تغییرات بنیادینی را نیز از سر گذراند. مسأله این پژوهش فراهم کردن روایتی معتبر از این جنبه فرهنگ بصری در دوران قاجار است، به نحوی که پیوندهای سیاسی آن با بستر تاریخی وی...

in this project, some new polyaspartimides, (pas)s, have been synthesized form michael addition reaction between new synthetic bismaleimide (bmi) and some aromatic diamines. a characteristic property of this polyaspartimides is a pendent carboxylic group, which introduced to these polymers from new bismaleimide. bismaleimides (bmi) is one of the interesting compounds, which can be self-polymeri...

From among art history written sources in Iran, one can enumerate two prefaces in the Safavid era were written by a decade interval. One preamble is Doust Mohammad Gvashany’s on Bahram Mirza Album (952 AH) and the other is that written by Qutb al-Din Muhammad Shah Tahmasp Album (964 AH). Many authors in the Safavid era, exploited directly and/or indirectly these two prefaces ‘ conte...

Mir Ali Heravi (died in 1545) is one of the greatest masters in Nasta’liq script who was famous and popular while he was alive among Uzbek, Indian and Ottoman governors. Majnoun Rafiqi is also one of the poets and calligraphers who is contemporary with Mir Ali and has written three treatises about teaching calligraphy. He was famous in his own period of time but since he did not have well-known...