Genetically-engineered collagen peptides were assembled into freestanding films when QDs are co-assembled as joints between collagen domains. These peptide based films show excellent mechanical properties with Young's modulus of ~20 GPa, much larger than most of multi-composite polymer films and previously reported freestanding nanoparticle-assembled sheets, and it is even close to the bone tis...

BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) is a well-recognized complication of renal transplantation. Several cases of native kidney BKVN following other solid organ or bone marrow transplants have been reported. We describe a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia who presented with deteriorating renal function with no history of solid organ or bone marrow transplantation. Renal biopsy demonstrated tubu...

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare, non-Langerhans histiocytic disorder. The most common manifestations consist of polyostotic sclerotic lesions with the majority of cases also demonstrating soft tissue involvement of the sinuses, retroperitoneum, large vessels, heart, lungs, and central nervous system. Nuclear medicine can play an important role in assessing the extent of the disease with...

Biomaterial is a nonviable substance used in a medical device intended to interact with biological systems. Their usage within a physiologic medium needs the characteristic features such as efficient and reliable. These characteristic features have provided with a suitable combination of chemical, mechanical, physical and biological properties [2]. Nowadays, biomaterials are commonly used in va...

Hypophosphatasia is a clinically heterogeneous inheritable disorder characterized by defective bone mineralization and the deficiency of serum and tissue liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase activities. Due to the mineralization defect of the bones, various skeletal findings can be radiologically observed in hypophosphatasia. Bowing and Bowdler spurs of long bones are the characteristic findi...

The destruction of bone and cartilage is characteristic of the progression of musculoskeletal diseases. The present review discusses the developments made with two different classes of drugs, the bisphosphonates and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. Bisphosphonates have proven to be an effective and safe treatment for the prevention of bone loss, especially in osteoporotic disease, and may h...

344 IntroductIon Calcium (Ca) is the most abundant inorganic element in human body along with sodium. Unique characteristic of calcium distribution in vivo with astronomical concentration gradients among the skeletal, extracellular and intracellular compartments ; 100,000,000 in bone, 10,000 in blood and 1 in intracellular compartment, provides the basis for its vital role in signal transductio...

Bone-marrow-derived (B) and thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes can be distinguished by the presence of a number of receptors and differentiation antigens. The presence of these markers has facilitated the identification and characterization of the mononuclear cells in a number of animal and human lymphoid malignancies. We describe here the immunological properties of human leukemia cells that are h...

Many patients respond positively to treatments for crouch gait, yet surgical outcomes are inconsistent and unpredictable. In this study, we developed a multivariable regression model to determine if biomechanical variables and other subject characteristics measured during a physical exam and gait analysis can predict which subjects with crouch gait will demonstrate improved knee kinematics on a...

This study aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of ultrasound (US) measurements of the thickness and echogenicity of the plantar fascia (PF) at different measurement stations along its length using a standardized protocol. Twelve healthy subjects (24 feet) were enrolled. The PF was imaged in the longitudinal plane. Subjects were assessed twice to evaluate the intra-rater rel...