Drug release kinetics at the tumor site is an important aspect of chemotherapy. Nanoscale devices carrying chemotherapeutic drugs could extravasate from blood vessels and even diffuse through the tissue and enter tumor cells. Drug delivery through Nanoparticles (particles between 10 nm and 1000 nm in size) presents significant potential advantages over traditional delivery via bolus injection. ...

BACKGROUND This randomized, double-blind study investigated the efficacy of continuous and patient-controlled ropivacaine infusion via a popliteal sciatic perineural catheter in ambulatory patients undergoing moderately painful orthopedic surgery of the foot or ankle. METHODS Preoperatively, patients (n = 30) received a posterior popliteal sciatic perineural catheter and nerve block. Postoper...

BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated that i.v. emulsified isoflurane induces general anaesthesia in animals. In this study, we compared the pharmacokinetics of emulsified isoflurane given as i.v. bolus and as infusion in beagle dogs. METHODS Sixteen beagle dogs were assigned randomly to a bolus group comprising three subgroups and an infusion group. The three bolus subgroups received 120, 15...

BACKGROUND Current guidelines for anticoagulation during left-sided procedures recommend the administration of unfractionated heparin (UFH) with an initial bolus of 50-100 U/kg, followed by continuous infusion to maintain an activated clotting time (ACT) ≥ 300 s. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of this standard regimen (100 U/kg bolus) to a more aggressive approach (200 U/kg bolu...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare healthcare resource utilization among patients who were given intravenous (IV) nitroglycerin for acute heart failure (AHF) in the emergency department (ED) by intermittent bolus, continuous infusion, or a combination of both. Methods: We retrospectively identified 395 patients that received nitroglycerin therapy in the ED for the treatment of...

BACKGROUND: The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether insulin detemir is equivalent to insulin glargine in controlling hyperglycemia for the adult hospitalized patient on a basal-bolus treatment regimen. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted at two acute care hospitals within the same health system. Patients from both facilities who were initiated on a basal-bolus subcuta...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare health care resource utilization among patients who were given intravenous nitroglycerin for acute heart failure (AHF) in the emergency department (ED) by intermittent bolus, continuous infusion, or a combination of both. METHODS We retrospectively identified 395 patients that received nitroglycerin therapy in the ED for the treatment of AHF...