Formation of hydrates is observed during drilling and construction of wells, more frequently in gas wells located offshore (deep sea water). Hydrates of natural gas can clog chokes and kill lines, and obstruct the opening or closure of blow out preventer (BOP), seal well override valve and immobilize well string. Because of that, this work was mainly focused in the selection and adaptation of a...

In this note we construct a non-singular algebraic variety VG encoding the incidence information of a simple graph G, by a sequence of blow-ups of a projective space along suitable linear subspaces. The aim is to translate into the geometry of VG the combinatorial information about G; we nd that this can be done with surprising ease and e ciency. For example, we prove that the chromatic polynom...

The paper looks at some of the techniques (separation of variables, Fourier series, Carleman estimates) used to obtain observability and nullcontrollability results to determine qualitatively the asymptotic behavior of the estimates obtained with respect to relevant parameters. We are particularly concerned with blow-up as the control time becomes short (T → 0).

In the present work, we derive that electric fields blow up as a pair of spherical perfect conductors approach each other, and calculate the blow-up rate by a simple method. In the case of two dimensional space, referring to an anti-plane shear model, we can assume that the conductors and the electric fields represent the cross-sections of parallel stiff fibers and the stresses, respectively. H...