BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), denominated by Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is often associated with abdominal pain, diarrhea and bloody stool. The standard protocols for treating colitis conditions are not satisfactory; thus, complementary and alternative medicines have been increasingly accepted by IBD sufferers worldwide. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the anti-...

Background: Diarrhea continues to be a prominent contributor morbidity and mortality among young children under five years, especially in developing nations. Secondary lactose intolerance is significant complication that can arise from acute diarrhea. However, it effectively managed with lactose-free formula.
 Objective: This study aimed compare the rate of diarrhea resolution within 24-ho...

A growing number of scholars argues that we are witnessing a resurgenceof religion in world politics, accompanied by an increasein religiously inspired conflict. Empirical studies demonstrate thatreligious conflicts more violent, intense, durable, andmore difficult to resolve through negotiated settlements than theirsecular counterparts. In this paper, argue these conclusionsare unreliable, bec...

Following review of formicid characters a new model for evolution of ant eusociality is presented. This “semisocial ancestry hypothesis” has the following steps: (1) Ants are descended from a solitary wasp which accumulated and collectively reared its brood in acellular nests (without individual brood cells). Metapleural glands delivering antibiotic compounds evolved in adults as a correlated a...

To the Editor: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) can cause severe hemorrhagic colitis characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and bloody diarrhea as well as hemolytic uremic syndrome (1). Cattle and small ruminants are the major natural reservoir of these foodborne pathogens (1,2). Human infections may also develop after direct contact with cows, goats, sheep, and deer (1). Although ...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage is a routinely used adjunct to thoracoabdominal aortic surgery which may reduce the incidence of preoperative paraplegia by improving spinal cord perfusion. However, this procedure infrequently causes complications. Bloody or bloody-tinged CSF may be associated with intracranial or spinal hematoma. We present herein a case of bloody CSF during the replacement ...

Objective: The most serious side effect of warfarin, an oral anticoagulant widely prescribed by many different disciplines, is bleeding. In this study, the factors affecting bleeding complications resulting from use warfarin were investigated.Material and Methods: 111 patients using admitted to emergency department with complaints evaluated. All divided into two groups as Group I (international...

bloody nipple discharge in infancy has rarely been reported in medical literature. we report a 7 month-old female infant with a one month history of bilateral nipple discharge. endocrinologic and hematological workups were within normal limits. breast ultrasonography showed two non-echogenic cystic areas in each breast. the problem resolved after a period of observation. this is a benign condit...