Phenotypic characterization of cellular responses in equine infectious encephalitides has had limited description of both peripheral and resident cell populations in central nervous system (CNS) tissues due to limited species-specific reagents that react with formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE). This study identified a set of antibodies for investigating the immunopathology of infec...

We report the development of epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the rapid detection of serum antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV) in taxonomically diverse North American avian species. A panel of flavivirus-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was tested in blocking assays with serum samples from WNV-infected chickens and crows. Selected MAbs were further tested ag...

Immune-checkpoint blocking antibodies have demonstrated objective antitumor responses in multiple tumor types including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell cancer (RCC). In melanoma, an increase in overall survival has been demonstrated with anti-CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibition. However, a plethora of immune-mediated adverse events has been reported with these agents. Immune...

Background: CD90, a membrane-associated glycoprotein is a marker used to identify mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recent studies have introduced CD90, which induces tumorigenic activity, as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in various malignancies. Blocking CD90 activity with anti-CD90 monoclonal antibodies enhanced anti-tumor effects. To date, highly specific antibody single-chain variable fragme...

Abstract Approaches are needed for therapy of the severe acute respiratory syndrome from SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19). Interfering with interaction viral antigens angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor is a promising strategy by blocking infection coronaviruses into human cells. We have implemented novel protein engineering technology to produce super-potent tetravalent form ACE2...

We investigated the metabolism of mouse isolated heart under influence tricarbonyldichlorothenium (II)- dimer (CORM-2 and 2,3-4,5-bis-O-isopropylidene-βD-fructopyranose sulfamate (topiramate) as potential blockers aquaporine channel (AQP3) cardiac myocytes. The results were compared with those obtained from group receiving anti-AQP3 monoclonal antibodies. A decrease in coronary flow was found d...

Abstract Objectives Heterophile antibodies can cause interferences in immunometric assays. While many tests are shown to be affected by interference from heterophilic antibodies, the D-dimer test has rarely been reported affected. With this case, we report an elevated measurement which was not compatible with clinical presentation. Case presentation A 41-year-old patient who admitted hospital h...

Background: Mosquito galactose-specific C-type lectins (mosGCTLs), such as mosGCTL-1, act ligands to facilitate the invasion of flaviviruses like West Nile virus (WNV). WNV interacts with mosGCTL-1 Aedes aegypti (Culicidae) and facilitates this virus. Nevertheless, there is no data about role a transmission-blocking vaccine candidate in Culex pipiens, most abundant Culicinae mosquito temperate ...

BACKGROUND The synthesis of allergen-specific blocking IgGs that interact with IgE after allergen immunotherapy (SIT) has been related to clinical efficacy. The objectives were to investigate the epitope specificity of IgG-antibodies induced by depigmented-polymerized (Dpg-Pol) allergoids and unmodified allergen extracts, and examine IgE-blocking activity of induced IgG-antibodies. METHODS Ra...

The review considers various mechanisms for the development of autoimmune complications after COVID-19 disease. significance hyperactivation immune system with impaired tolerance is analyzed in detail, issues molecular mimicry and antigenic similarity virus human epitopes are considered. High expression some antigens high levels autoantibodies to a wide range have been shown. cytotoxicity block...