Presentation of two targets in close temporal succession often results in an impairment of conscious perception for the second stimulus. Previous studies have identified several electrophysiological correlates for this so-called 'attentional blink'. Components of the event-related potential (ERP) such as the N2 and the P3, but also oscillatory brain signals have been shown to distinguish betwee...

This article explores the time course of the functional interplay between detection and encoding stages of information processing in the brain and the role they play in conscious visual perception. We employed a multitarget rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) approach and examined the electrophysiological P3 component elicited by a target terminating an RSVP sequence. Target-locked P3 activ...

PURPOSE To describe different patterns of blinking in patients undergoing a visual field test and to establish whether the blink parameters are related to threshold variability. METHODS Thirty-nine patients with diagnosed or suspected glaucoma were recruited to undertake a perimetric task twice. Blinks were detected with a video eye-tracker system that records at a sampling rate of 60 Hz. Bli...

A human-computer interface (HCI) system designed for use by people with severe disabilities is presented. People that are severely paralyzed or afflicted with diseases such as ALS (Lou Gehrig’s disease) or multiple sclerosis are unable to move or control any parts of their bodies except for their eyes. The system presented here detects the user’s eye blinks and analyzes the pattern and duration...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of blink reflex alterations and to examine the influence of hyperglycemia in inducing the alterations in recently diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out on patients having asymptomatic diabetes with a period of evolution under 10 years. In all 47 patients (26 women and 2...

Every time we blink our eyes, the image on the retina goes almost completely dark. And yet we hardly notice these interruptions, even though an external darkening is startling. Intuitively it would seem that if our perception is continuous, then the neuronal activity on which our perceptions are based should also be continuous. To explore this issue, we compared the responses of 63 supragranula...

In smooth-pursuit eye movements (SPEM) with gain close to one, SPEM should be controlled mainly by prediction of target motion because retinal slip is nearly zero. We investigated the neural mechanisms of visual-target prediction by the three fMRI experiments. (1) Overt pursuit task: subjects pursued a sinusoidally moving target which blinked (blink condition) or did not blink (continuous condi...

Eye movements that accompany a blink have been measured in human subjects by the use of a visual-persistence method. With straight-ahead binocular viewing, each eye typically rotates nasalward and downward 1-2 deg during the closing phase of a blink. These eye movements are more rapid than the lid movements as recorded by high-speed photography. In fact, the eyes have already completed their in...

In schizophrenia, blink rates are frequently elevated and the peak of the electroencephalographic alpha rhythm is often absent or of a lower frequency. Emerging evidence suggests that both blinks and the alpha rhythm may be controlled by a linked neuroanatomical circuit that begins in rostral pons and involves several subcortical structures as well as the occipital cortex. Blink-alpha abnormali...

In current years, drowsy driver detection is the most necessary procedure to prevent any road accidents, probably worldwide. The aim of this study was construct a smart alert technique for building intelligent vehicles that can automatically avoid impairment. But drowsiness natural phenomenon in human body happens due different factors. Hence, it required design robust system cause mishap. prop...