BACKGROUND This paper describes the shaping of freestanding objects out of metallic structures in the nano- and submicron size. The technique used, called nanoforging, is very similar to the macroscopic forging process. RESULTS With spring actuated tools produced by focused ion beam milling, controlled forging is demonstrated. With only three steps, a conical bar stock is transformed to a fla...

Three important parameters in designing a closed die for forging process are ratio of width to flash thickness, ratio of  height to billet diameter and the friction factor. In this paper the influences of these parameters on the required force for the forging and percentage of die filling were investigated. It was found that by controlling the flash dimension, the material loss is reduced and t...

The study proposes processing animation simulation, FEM analysis, and experimental verification of multi-stage forging of stainless automotive battery fastener. The processing animation simulation can provide the realistic motions for each pass to realize how to work for the front punch and die. Stainless automotive battery fastener requires high dimension precision and narrow tolerance. In ord...

The potential for lettuce field-coring harvesting knives to cross-contaminate lettuce heads with pathogens was evaluated. Rings and blades of the harvest knives artificially contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC), were used to core three successive heads of iceberg lettuce. The coring rings and blades were inoculated by dipping into soils containing EHEC at concentration ranges of 1-...

This paper describes the structural design of a tidal turbine composite blade. The structural design is preceded by two steps: hydrodynamic design and determination of extreme loads. The hydrodynamic design provides the blade external shape, i.e. the chord and twist distributions along the blade, which result in optimal performance of the tidal turbine over its lifetime. The extreme loads, i.e....

We present a framework for generating a trivariate B-spline parametrization of turbine blades from measurement data generated by optical scanners. This new representation replaces the standard patchbased representation of industrial blade designs. In a first step, the blade surface is represented by a smoothly varying family of B-spline curves. In a second step, the blade is parametrized by a t...

In this paper we obtain a limit model for a turbine blade fixed to a 3D solid. This model is a three-dimensional linear elasticity problem in the 3D part of the piece (the rotor) and a two-dimensional problem (the nonlinear shallow shell equations) in the 2D part (the turbine blade), with junction conditions in the part of the turbine blade fixed to the rotor. To obtain this model, we perform a...

BACKGROUND Plastic single-use laryngoscope blades are inexpensive and carry a lower risk of infection compared with metal reusable blades, but their efficiency during rapid sequence induction remains a matter of debate. The authors therefore compared plastic and metal blades during rapid sequence induction in a prospective randomized trial. METHODS Two hundred eighty-four adult patients under...

Heat dissipation per unit volume has grown rapidly, as the size of modern electronic devices has continued to decrease. The air flow induced by an oscillating cantilever blade enhances the heat transfer performance of high heat density devices. The heat transfer improvement mainly depends on the velocity magnitude and distribution of air streams induced by the vibrating blade. Accordingly, this...