There are a number of overarching questions and debate in the scientific community concerning the importance of biotic interactions in species distribution models at large spatial scales. In this paper, we present a framework for revising the potential distribution of tree species native to the Western Ecoregion of Nova Scotia, Canada, by integrating the long-term effects of interspecific compe...

Uprooting, as a mechanical pre-commercial thinning operation (PCT), removes competitive, undesired trees with roots to prevent or reduce the need for second PCT. The state of 66 young Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) stands was explored 3–5 years after uprooting assess quality in terms number competing birches (Betula spp.) and probability freely growing crop tree (no taller than 2/3 ...

In the Siberian Arctic, worldwide largest forest mortality was caused by chronical (since 1940s) influence of SO2 emissions on larch-dominant communities. We hypothesized that warming might mitigate increasing trees’ vigor and growth. studied trees (larch, Larix sibirica; spruce, Picea obovate; birch, Betula pendula) bushes (willow, Salix sp., alder, Duschekia fruticosa) growth dependence SO2, ...

Vegetation dynamics were monitored for 6 years in eight hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere) stands with varying levels of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) (Adelges tsugae Annand) damage in southcentral Connecticut to examine the patterns of overstory hemlock mortality and subsequent community reorganization associated with chronic HWA infestations. Since 1995, overstory and understory mortalit...

High deer populations threaten the conservation value of woodlands and grasslands, but predicting the success of deer culling, in terms of allowing vegetation to recover, is difficult. Numerical simulation modeling is one approach to gain insight into the outcomes of management scenarios. We develop a spatially explicit model to predict the responses of Betula spp. to red deer (Cervus elaphus) ...

Abstract Aims Studies on tree CH 4 exchange in boreal forests regarding seasonality and role of canopies are rare. We aimed to quantify the contribution trees forest budget during spring leaf-out reveal microbes exchange. Methods Methane fluxes downy birch Norway spruce ( Betula pubescens Picea abies ) growing fen upland sites were measured together with soil flux, environmental variables micro...

Terrestrial laser scanning is a promising technique for automatic measurements of tree stems. The objectives of the study were (1) to develop and validate a new method for the detection, classification and measurements of tree stems and canopies using the Hough transformation and the RANSAC algorithm and (2) assess the influence of distance to the scanner on the measurement accuracy. Tree detec...

The most comprehensive series dealing with the intracranial complications of transorbital stab wounds is that of Birch-Hirschfeld (I 930), who collected I 69 cases from the literature and added three of his own. Smaller series have also been described (McLure and Gardner, 1949; Schneider and Henderson, 1952; Kjer, 1954; Bulluck, Baker, and Henderson, I959; Unger and Umbach, I962; Bard and Jarre...

Advances in information and communication technologies, particularly the emergence of the Internet as a major source of global information have encouraged tertiary educators to develop rich, technology-based learning environments. Moreover, ready access to multimedia at the desktop provides the opportunity to develop engaging and interactive learning resources to enhance traditional learning en...

A frequent concern among birch lumber producers and retailers in Alaska is the relatively large proportion of knots, natural discolorations, and other defects found relative to competing hardwoods. Throughout this paper, all birch species growing in Alaska, including Betula papyrifera (paper birch) and Betula kenacia (Kenai birch), will be referred to as Alaska birch. Within Alaska, birch fores...