BACKGROUND Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most prevalent cancer in the light-skinned population. Noninvasive treatment is increasingly used for NMSC patients with superficial lesions, making the development of noninvasive diagnostic technologies highly relevant. OBJECTIVE The scope of this review is to present data on the current state-of-the-art diagnostic methods for keratinocyte car...

OBJECTIVE To examine the economic implications for the Canadian health system of pharmacologic treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN Systematic review of economic literature and a primary economic evaluation. PARTICIPANTS Economic literature search identified 392 potentially relevant articles, 12 of which were included for final review. METHODS Studies we...

A combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine is expected to facilitate universal immunization against these 4 diseases. This study was undertaken to synthesize current research findings of the immunogenicity and safety of MMRV in healthy children.We searched PubMed, Embase, BIOSIS Previews, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other databases through September 9, 2014. Eligible ra...

AIMS To determine the acute lethal toxicity of a range of psychoactive substances in terms of the dose customarily used as a single substance for non-medical purposes. DESIGN AND METHOD A structured English-language literature search was conducted to identify experimental studies and clinical reports that documented human and non-human lethal doses of 20 abused substances that are distributed...

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the -112G/A polymorphism of the uteroglobulin-related protein 1 (UGRP1) gene and asthma risk using meta-analysis. PubMed, BIOSIS Previews and EBSCOhost were searched, and data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the a...

BACKGROUND Antimuscarinic agents used in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) differ in their potential to impair cognitive function. It is hypothesised that low brain concentrations and relatively low selectivity for the M(1) muscarinic receptor may reduce the potential for adverse central nervous system (CNS) effects with darifenacin, compared with other antimuscarinics, particularly oxy...

BACKGROUND Lactobacilli are used in an attempt to maintain remission for Crohn disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of Lactobacilli compared with placebo in maintenance therapy for Crohn disease. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, OVID and BIOSIS. All randomized trials comparing Lactobacilli with placebo in m...

Many patients are taking psychiatric drugs for years despite little knowledge about their long-term harms. Here, we summarise the findings of whether psychiatric drug exposure causes long-term harms in mammals after a drug-free period. We searched PubMed, Biosis and Embase for controlled animal studies (no behavioural priming; behavioural assessments performed after a 90 day drug-free period). ...

OBJECTIVE To review the literature on the association between male age and semen quality (semen volume, concentration, motility, and morphology) and fertility status (pregnancy rate and time to pregnancy/subfecundity). METHOD(S) Review of English language-published research over the last 20 years from January 1, 1980, through December 31, 1999, using MEDLINE and Biosis databases. Studies with...

BACKGROUND The reported accuracy of clinical tests for superior labral anterior posterior lesions is extremely variable. Pooling results from multiple studies of higher quality is necessary to establish the best clinical tests to use. HYPOTHESIS Certain clinical tests are superior to others for diagnosing the presence or absence of a superior labral anterior posterior lesion. STUDY DESIGN M...