BACKGROUND Biomarkers have been used extensively to provide the connection between external levels of contaminant exposure, internal levels of tissue contamination, and early adverse effects in organisms. OBJECTIVES To present a three-step protocol for identifying suitable biomarkers to assess fish health in coastal and marine ecosystems, using Gladstone Harbour (Australia) as a case study. ...

polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) have been widely used in many products as flameretardants, which resulted in their release into the environment. little is known about the impact of coexisting pbdes on organisms. in this study, the in vivo effects of bde-47 and bde-99 on a suite of biomarkers, acetyl cholinesterase (ache), ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod), glutathione-s-transferase (gs...

measurement of serum creatinine (cr) and blood urea nitrogen (bun) are used as indicators of glomerular filtration rate. the increased levels of these biomarkers are usually detectable at advanced stages of kidney complications. the aim of this study was to find the interrelationship of beta-2 microglobulin (β2m), bun and cr in streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetes mellitus in rabbits. diabetes...

silver nanoparticles (agnps) have gained considerable interests during the last decade due to their excellent antimicrobial activities. despite their extensive use, the potential toxicity of these nanoparticles and possible mechanisms by which they may induce adverse reactions have not received sufficient attention and no specific biomarker exist to describe and quantify their toxic effects. na...

conclusions these findings suggest that nmr-based urinary metabonomics approach might be a useful tool for the clinical diagnosis of depression in hbv-infected patients and the six potential biomarkers could be helpful for developing an objective diagnostic method. limited by the number of recruited subjects, future studies are required to validate our conclusions. patients and methods in this ...

background: infertility is defined as the inability to achieve the pregnancy within a year of unprotected intercourse. infertility is a complex issue and different factors such as stress oxidative can be involved in this problem. so, any attempt to neutralize oxidative stress would be helpful in the treatment of infertility. melatonin is a known scavenger of free radicals. objective: the aim of...

Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and other neurodegenerative disorders are most exploring areas clinical research in Geriatric Psychiatry. Presently neuroimaging, blood CSF biomarkers expensive invasive to perform considered impractical for purpose. The retinal presents a readily accessible tissue monitoring the brain could potentially be used combination with or as substitute current AD...

Diagnosis of infectious diseases remains an important issue in medical science. Identification of biomarkers can be used to predict early infections. Recently, heat shock proteins (HSPs) have been known as the conserved compounds expressed under stress conditions in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. These proteins act as molecular chaperones. Several studies showed the increased levels o...

background: it is hypothesized that poor zinc nutritional status is associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer (ec), but current evidence is contradictory. since some factors may influence zinc absorption, its status may be better evaluated thorough biomarkers. the objectives of this study were to perform a systematic review on the association of zinc biomarkers with ec in observati...

Biomarkers of breast cancer are necessary for prognosis and prediction to chemotherapy. Prognostic biomarkers provide information regarding outcome irrespective of therapy, while predictive biomarkers provide information regarding response to therapy. Candidate prognostic biomarkers for breast cancers are growth factor receptors, steroid receptors, Ki-67, cyclins, urokinase plasminogen activato...