Biodiesel can replace petroleum diesel as it is produced from animal fats and vegetable oils, and it produces about 10 % (w/w) glycerol, which is a promising new industrial microbial carbon, as a major by-product. One of the most potential applications of glycerol is its biotransformation to high value chemicals such as 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), dihydroxyacetone (DHA), succinic acid, etc., thro...

Hydrothermal and acid pretreatments using different acid charges (1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5% H2SO4) were proposed for eucalyptus, sugarcane bagasse, and sugarcane straw prior to their bioconversion into ethanol using the semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSSF) process. The hydrothermal and acid pretreatments were efficient for hemicelluloses removal from eucalyptus (63 to 96%), bag...

Electrical Discharge Machining performance is generally evaluated on the basis of Material Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR), Relative Wear Ratio (RWR) and Surface Roughness (SR). The important EDM machining parameters affecting to the performance measures of the process are discharge current, pulse on time, pulse off time, arc gap, and duty cycle [9]. A considerable amount of work has b...

Predicting the main cutting force during turning is of great importance as it helps in setting the appropriate cutting parameters before machining starts.Again, optimization of cutting parameters is one of the most important elements in any process planning of metal parts as economy of machining operation plays a key role in gaining competitive advantage. This paper presents an experimental stu...

When reprocessing surgical instruments, process design is significant, in particular the choice of relevant process parameters for the effective removal of blood, the most common soil present. Cleaning performance is highly dependent, among other factors, on the alkalinity of the cleaning solution at appropriate temperatures to ensure that relevant specifications are fully complied with on site...