Firefly algorithm is a meta-heuristic stochastic search with strong robustness and easy implementation. However, it also has some shortcomings, such as the "oscillation" phenomenon caused by too many attractions, which makes convergence speed slow or premature. In original FA, full attraction model consume lot of evaluation times, time complexity high. Therefore, this paper, novel firefly (EMDm...

LTE (Long-Term Evolution) is one of the appropriate technologies to sever requirement IoT (Internet Things) together with mobile UE (User Equipment), because priority services, high data rate, low latency, etc. has received OFDM for transmission it meets necessity LTE-like range flexibility and empowers cost gainful responses wide carriers. offers big-data values, allows spectrum reframing, red...

Abstract A significant advancement that occurs during the data cleaning stage is estimating missing data. Studies have shown improper handling leads to inaccurate analysis. Furthermore, most studies indicate occurrence of irrespective correlation between attributes. However, an adaptive search procedure helps determine estimates when correlations attributes are considered in process. Firefly Al...

Abstract Firefly algorithm (FA) is a new random swarm search optimization that modeled after movement and the mutual attraction of flashing fireflies. The number fitness comparisons attractions in FA varies depending on model. A large can induce oscillations, while small cause early convergence add to computational time complexity. This study aims offer H-GA–FA, hybrid combines two metaheuristi...

The aim of this study is to propose an algorithm for generating minimal test sequences by applying Firefly optimization technique. In this study, we use state machine diagram for the behavioral specification of software. This paper generates the important test sequences for composite states in the state machine diagram under consideration. The generated test sequences are then prioritized based...

A classical issue in many applied \elds is to obtain an approximating surface to a given set of data points. Yis problem arises in Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM), virtual reality, medical imaging, computer graphics, computer animation, and many others. Very o_en, the preferred approximating surface is polynomial, usually described in parametric form. Yis leads to the problem ...