Medical experiences can be frightening and traumatic for children. Ill and injured children can experience pediatric medical traumatic stress-psychological and physiological distress responses related to their medical event and subsequent medical treatment experiences-which can lead to symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suboptimal health outcomes. Trauma-informed care provides...

a consensus hitherto concerningan optimal theoretical framework for ethical decision-makingand corresponding action.Various theories have been considered, but foundwanting.Moreover, classic theoriesmaycontradictone another, contribute to confusion and immobilisethe clinician.Wehave examined major theories commonly applied in bioethics, conferredwithmoral philosophers andpsychiatrists and strive...

This chapter describes Kirkpatrick’s four-level training evaluation model and the reasons for its popularity in organizations. Several fundamental limitations of the model are outlined and the potential risks these limitations raise for evaluation clients and stakeholders are discussed. It is argued that these risks, plus the inability of the model to effectively address both the summative ques...

PURPOSE To critically examine ethical issues in qualitative research. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT The ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, and justice are guides for researchers to address initial and ongoing tensions between the needs and goals of the research and the rights of participants. METHODS Research literature, ethics literature, and researcher experiences. CONCLUSIONS Ethical ...

The advent of information technology and computers in medicine two decades ago posed a new set of ethical problems. In recent years, these problems have been compounded by the increasing use of computers for supporting clinical decisions as well as administration and record keeping. This presentation considers some of the problems which are raised by the use of computers to support clinical dec...

This essay aims at reflecting on the ethical and methodological principles involved in research with women in situation of violence. The text raises the discussion of the application of the principles of beneficence and non-maleficence during researches involving this issue, pointing to recommendations towards privacy, autonomy and immediate contributions for volunteers. Then, taking as theoret...

In an attempt to clarify which requirements of morality are logically primary to the ethics of health care, two questions are examined: is there sufficient common ground among the medical, nursing, paramedical, chaplaincy, and social work professions to justify looking for ethical principles common to health care? Do sufficient logical grounds or consensus among health workers and the public ...

"Therapeutic" bed rest continues to be used widely, despite evidence of no benefit and known harms. In this commentary, we summarize the Cochrane reviews of bed rest and propose an ethical argument for discontinuing this practice. Cochrane systematic reviews do not support "therapeutic" bed rest for threatened abortion, hypertension, preeclampsia, preterm birth, multiple gestations, or impaired...

Every childhood rabies death is potentially preventable. The vaccine that prevents rabies disease has a formidable safety and efficacy track record. Rabies vaccination of dogs and timely pre-and post-exposure vaccine administration are life-saving and cost-effective, and yet nearly 60,000 people, mainly children, die unnecessarily each year. Poor performance by many veterinary and public health...

Posthumous-assisted reproduction (PAR), though viewed unfavourably by some, is desirable to many individuals whose partners die prior to the completion of family building. PAR is technically feasible for males and females both pre- and post-mortem and these procedures have previously been completed on numerous occasions. However, such treatment is associated with three primary ethical concerns:...