The aim of the study of the Assessment and evaluation of citizen's views on the impact of commercial television advertising on consumer behavior (Case Study: Ardebil city). This research will be done by a descriptive- Scrolling method and In terms of purpose, it is an applied type. The instrument for collecting data was A researcher-made questionnaire that includes elements of cultural factors,...

As economists introduce more and more cognitive biases into economic models, an important question is whether we can distinguish these biases empirically. We present a simple model of welfare program participation that nests two well-documented cognitive biases: projection bias and present bias. We argue that agents with present bias and projection bias will exhibit di¤erent attitude toward tim...

BackgroundAlthough exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is highly emphasized by the experts, nulliparous women do not adhere to this behavior at a desirable level. Since it seems that mothers’ beliefs and values play an important role in their adherence to these behaviors, the present study, aimed to perform a careful analysis of the behavior and evaluation of factors associated with the EBF in nullip...

Keeping order in the classroom, modifying students’ behavioral problems, and implementing regulations codified at schools are among the issues in education involving the minds of headmasters and teachers. Following adolescence appropriate behavioral patterns plays a key role in bringing about the adolescents’ positive social behavior. This study aimed to investigate the predictors o...

Economic choices depend on our predictions of the future. Yet, at times predictions are not based on all relevant information, but instead on the single most likely possibility, which is treated as though certainly the case— that is, digitally. Two sets of studies test whether this digitization bias would occur in higher-stakes economic contexts. When making predictions about the future asset p...

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell lies anatomically at a critical intersection within the brain's reward system circuitry, however, its role in voluntary choice behavior remains unclear. Rats with electrolytic lesions in the NAc shell were tested in a novel foraging paradigm. Over a continuous two-week period they freely chose among four nutritionally identical but differently flavored food pel...

Existing models of the evolution of social behavior typically involve innate strategies such as tit-for-tat. Yet, both behavioral and neural evidence indicates a substantial role for learned social behavior. We explore the evolutionary dynamics of two simple social behaviors among learning agents: Theft and punishment. In our simulation, agents employ Q-learning, a common reinforcement learning...