BACKGROUND Multidrug resistant-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a threat to global tuberculosis control which is worsened by human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. There is however paucity of data on the effects of antiretroviral treatment (ART) before or after starting MDR-TB treatment. This study determined predictors of mortality and treatment failure among HIV co-infected MDR-TB patients...

The effect of oxymatrine on the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of morphine was investigated in rats. The degree of tolerance was assessed using the tail-flick test before and after 6 days of twice daily administration of oxymatrine premorphine (10/20/30 mg/kg). High doses of oxymatrine inhibited the development of morphine tolerance (resembling the effect of 7.5 mg/kg o...

The objective was to study how integrated therapy with Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine regulated the immune function of the body by analysing its effects on lymphocytes and T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Forty-seven patients with SARS were randomly allocated to either the integrated treatment group or the group trea...

hydatidosis is a disease caused by infection with the metacestode stage of the dog tapeworm,echinococcus granulosus. this is recognised as one of the world’s most important zoonoses, affecting bothhumans and their domestic animals. in the current study, 20 sheep cystic livers or lungs were collected.hydatid fluid and protoscolices were isolated and the soluble protein was prepared. polypeptide ...

human’s conception and cognition of art takes place in their communication with the work of art. these works’ hidden concepts and values which have been beyond their creators’ thoughts manifest in relation with the works. the process of cognition is conceiving the creator’s thought which manifests in a physical body. communication process is one of the most important aspects in the value of a p...

This thesis examines similarities and differences between rock-art sites in Vanuatu and the broader western Pacific region, and situates the results within the framework of Pacific prehistory. Prior to this thesis, regional models of rock-art in the western Pacific were founded on corresponding distributions of non-motif variables, such as technical classes (painting or engraving), topographic ...

Temporal uncertainty in raw data can impede the inference of temporal and causal relationships between events and compromise the output of data-to-text NLG systems. In this paper, we introduce a framework to reason with and represent temporal uncertainty from the raw data to the generated text, in order to provide a faithful picture to the user of a particular situation. The model is grounded i...