Tourism is rapidly developing as a profitable and clean industry in the world. Today, tourists consider urban areas as tourist attractions since, in addition to the body which has its own charm,every space is dominated by an identity. In this descriptive, comparative study, the criteria determining the urban space identity are attempted to be specified through documentary studies. Then, 105 que...

The article focuses on an historical relationship between the political institution of chieftaincy and civic pride in Ibadan, a Yoruba city in southwestern Nigeria. It examines this relationship against the scholarly model of `Yoruba urbanism' and argues that this model is empirically and conceptually ̄awed. Drawing on oral and documentary historical sources, the article explores how a `civic Ib...

in iran, discourse on cultural heritage politically started to burgeon during the 1930s by efforts of enlightened thinkers (roshanfekran) and western orientalists. by the rise of reza shah in 1925 and during the pahlavi epoch (1925-1979), the western archaeologists or architects were closely engaged in cultural heritage affairs, which effectively manipulated the concept of iranian nationalism p...

The article is devoted to the problem of forming a source complex on history Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin XIX - early XX centuries in order create its scientifically based virtual reconstruction. As result many years work, author has collected significant documentary base temple, which includes four large groups sources: written, pictorial (graphic), cartographic and m...