In a small open economy with heterogeneous firms, in which tariffs determine the mass of active firms, free trade optimality depends positively on the level of firm heterogeneity and negatively on transportation/adoption costs. The benefits from temporary protection depend on the level of backwardness: for a given mass of backward firms, the relative gains from protection increase with their qu...

Context. H II regions and planetary nebulae (PNe) both emit at radio and infrared (IR) wavelengths, and angularly small H II regions can be mistaken for PNe. This problem of classification is most severe for H II regions in an early evolutionary stage, those that are extremely distant, or those that are both young and distant. Previous work has shown that H II regions and PNe can be separated b...

This paper examines the stable outcomes of organization choice between single-plant and multi-plant under asymmetric two regions. A typical implicit assumption on monopolistic competition models for trade and economic geography is that firms can produce and sell only at one place. This paper allows endogenous determination of the number of plants in a new economic geography model. In particular...

A central result in the theoretical literature on strategic trade is the ‘rent-shifting hypothesis’, the idea that government’s can employ trade policy as a precommitment device to transfer profit from foreign to domestic firms. To our knowledge, however, the rent-shifting hypothesis remains untested empirically. This paper constructs a theory-based empirical test of rent-shifting behavior that...

Fuzzy rule-based classification system (FRBCS) is a popular machine learning technique for classification purposes. One of the major issues when applying it on imbalanced data sets is its biased to the majority class, such that, it performs poorly in respect to the minority class. However many cases the minority classes are more important than the majority ones. In this paper, we have extended ...

BACKGROUND Cultures of human ovarian granulosa lutein (hGL) cells are broadly used in experimental studies. The choice of the culture medium is important for the optimization of the conditions for culture of hGL cells. AIM To compare the efficiency of a basic salt solution and eight different defined media on the culture of hGL cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cultures of the HGL-5 cell line we...

We investigate the effect of credit constraints on the growth of exports at the micro level. We develop a stylized dynamic model showing credit constraints play a key role in early stages of exporting, but not in later stages. Our empirical results using product level data on exports to twelve European Union members and the U.S. support the model’s predictions: exports from more credit constrai...