Preclinical investigations utilizing murine experimental auto-immune encephalomyelitis (EAE), as well as clinical observations in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), may suggest alteration of endogenous opioid systems in MS. In this study we used the opioid antagonist naltrexone (NTX) to invoke a continuous (High Dose NTX, HDN) or intermittent (Low Dose NTX, LDN) opioid receptor blockade in ...

Abstract We conducted a genealogical analysis of quaternary prevention, an instrument primary health care to address overmedicalization and iatrogenesis, based on related statements interviews with the creators this concept. This tool has been used in reformulation doctor-patient relationship, but limited risk-benefit assessment by using current scientific evidence. In study, we analyze paradox...

Clinical epidemiology (CE) and evidence-based medicine (EBM) have become an important part of medical school curricula. This report describes the implementation and some preliminary outcomes of an integrated CE and EBM module in the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia (UI), Jakarta and in the University of Malaya (UM) in Kuala Lumpur. A CE and EBM module, originally developed at the Unive...

Anaesthesia and evidence-based medicine (EBM) are considered as two of the 15 most important medical milestones. The birth of anaesthesia on 16 th October 1846 and the subsequent publication of this discovery as a case study 33 days later in the high-impact Boston Medical and Surgical Journal (the current New England Journal of Medicine) resulted in its widespread use that dramatically changed ...

BACKGROUND Two of the key steps in evidence based medicine (EBM) are being able to construct a clinical question and effectively search the literature to source relevant information. No evidence currently exists that informs whether such skills should be taught to medical students during their pre-clinical years, or delivered to include both the pre-clinical and clinical years of study. This is...

AIM To determine the use of evidence-based medicine (EBM) information and the level of awareness and knowledge of EBM among patients in Croatia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 987 patients in 10 family medicine practices in Croatia. Patients from both urban (n=496) and rural (n=482) areas were surveyed. A 27-item questionnaire was used to collect data about sources that p...

BACKGROUND The characteristics of practising general practitioners who teach evidence based medicine (EBM) during their clinical work--and their attitudes toward it--are poorly known. METHODS One hundred and twenty-two Canberra GPs who previously had medical students attend their practice were sent a questionnaire on their education, experience, knowledge, confidence, and attitudes toward tea...

The concept of evidence based medicine (EBM)involves a systematic approach for integrationof best available research evidence into medicaldecision making for physicians, medical traineesand researchers. The EBM process includes fiveessential steps: formulating the questions, searchingfor evidence, appraising the evidence, and applyingand evaluating the results (1). In a descriptive study,the da...

OBJECTIVES Although evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a useful method for integrating evidence into the decision-making process of occupational physicians, occupational physicians lack EBM knowledge and skills, and do not have the time to learn the EBM method. In order to enable them to educate themselves at the time and place they prefer, we designed an electronic EBM course. We studied the fea...

BACKGROUND The influence, legitimacy and application of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) in the world is growing as a tool that integrates, the best available evidence to decision making in patient care. Our goal was to identify the relationship between self-perception about the relevance of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) and the degree of basic knowledge of this discipline in a group of physicians...