States and districts have embraced the goals of standards-based reform, but they have interpreted the rather broad objectives in their own unique ways. Merely setting the mark may not be enough to ensure adequate progress in our nation’s schools, Ms. Goertz warns. Comments Copyright Phi Delta Kappa International. Reprinted from Phi Delta Kappan, Volume 83, Issue 1, September 2001, pages 62-66. ...

As the field nephrology is rapidly advancing, technological changes are changing the face of learning. Understanding how the current generation of “digital natives” learn and understand topics is vastly important. The current students and residents were born when computers and electronic gadgets were considered a part and parcel of their learning structures. The primary focus of this review is ...

Summary  Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a frequent finding in cases of facial trauma or dental malpractice, and legal claims for TMD damage have been increased over the years. Temporomandibular disorders assessment in the medical legal setting is complicated by the peculiarities of these disorders, whose symptoms are heterogeneous, fluctuant, and recognise a multifactorial origin. A syst...

This review thoroughly accumulated information regarding new technologies for state-of-the-art light curing of resin composite materials. Visible light cured resin-based composites allow the dentist to navigate the initiation of the polymerization step for each layer being applied. Curing technology was regularly subjected to changes during the last decades, but meanwhile the LED era is fully e...

One definition of futility is any treatment that merely preserves permanent unconsciousness or fails to end total dependence of a patient on intensive medical care [1] . However, no agreement has ever been reached on what the exact definition of futility is, as it is not only based on temporary values but also evolves into different subtypes, making it harder to define [2] . The difficulty in d...

Hemodynamic instability frequently occurs in critically ill patients. Pathophysiological rationale suggests that hemodynamic monitoring (HM) may identify the presence and causes of hemodynamic instability and therefore may allow targeting therapeutic approaches. However, there is a discrepancy between this pathophysiological rationale to use HM and a paucity of formal evidence (as defined by th...

Conventional R&D-based growth theory suggests that productivity growth is positively correlated with population size or population growth, an implication which is hard to see in the data. Here we integrate R&D-based growth into a unified growth setup with micro-founded fertility and schooling behavior. We then show how a Beckerian child quality-quantity trade-off explains why higher growth of p...

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 573 I. PERSISTENT RACE-BASED DEATH SENTENCING IN THE “MODERN ERA” OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT ......................................... 575 II. RACE-BASED PUNITIVENESS: SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL REALITIES ...... 587 III. CLOSING THE GAP: RACIALLY FAIR OR UNFIXABLE? ......................... 595 CONCLUSIO...

As value-based reimbursement and accountable-care models drive us into an era of cost-containment and care-management strategies, the P&T committee must reinvent itself.

Over the years, software development has evolved to meet the needs of new types of applications and to embrace new technological disruptions. Today, we witness the rise of mobility where the role of the conventional high-end PC is declining. Some refer to this era as the PostPC era. This technological shift, powered by a key enabling technology, cloud computing, has opened new opportunities for...