a Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 It'enhua Road, Shenyang, 110015 China School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri-Columbia, 203M ABNR Building, Columbia, MO 65211 USA " Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706 USA R' '-' $a Received 3 September 1999; received in revised form 29 Septem...

In a grid computing environment, it is important to be capable of agilely quantifying the quality of service achievable by each alternative composition of resources. This capability is an essential driver to not only efficiently utilizing the resources but also promoting the virtual economy. In this paper, we design an efficient scheduling algorithm of minimizing completion time for component-b...

The contribution of the ‘new economy’ to economic growth in developing countries has so far been minimal. Despite the recent hype, the ‘old economy’ will for long be the fundamental force behind economic growth in transition economies. Nonetheless, in the longer run the ‘new economy’ offers great potential for faster economic growth in postsocialist economies. Realizing this potential is howeve...

The structure of the U.S. economy is analyzed to determine whether a shift has occurred from a service to an information economy. National Income Accounting concepts are reviewed to facilitate a critical comparison of the works of Machlup and Porat. Evidence about the future of an information economy is reviewed. It is concluded that the growth of the information economy will not continue at th...

Twenty-three scientists met at Krobielowice, Poland to discuss the role of growth, nutrition and economy on body size. Contrasting prevailing concepts, re-analyses studies in Indonesian Guatemalan school children with high prevalence stunting failed provide evidence for an association between nutritional status height. Direct effects parental education growth that were not transmitted via shown...

Objective: One of the long-term goals and strategies of the country for development in the 20-year vision plan is the development of the knowledge-based economy, so that with pursuing this strategy, Iran could become a knowledge-based economy by 1404. The purpose of this research is to explain the economic status of Iran among regional competitors based on the components of knowledge-based econ...

Copyright © 2008, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. The distribution professionals verify their operations on a daily basis. The modern logistic leader, use the tips like competitive pressures, mergers, acquisitions, new product lines and greater customer expectations, and so forth. This change is a cost of d...

This work proposes LEASE, a novel Mobile-P2P lease-based economic incentive model, in which data requestors need to pay the price (in virtual currency) of their requested data items to data-providers. In LEASE, dataproviding mobile peers lease data items to free-riders, who do not have any data items to provide, in lieu of a lease payment. Thus, LEASE not only combats free-riding, but also enti...

The rapid development and diffusion of the information and communications technology (ICT) is the major driving force of the New Economy. While there is ample evidence to suggest that the ICT industry has contributed a great deal to the overall economic growth of the developed countries, its role in the developing countries is far from clear. The pressure of unemployment that may result from IC...