objective: basal cell carcinoma (bcc) is the most common human malignant neoplasm which is more frequent in white individuals. ptch and p53 are two major tumor suppressor genes which play important roles in pathogenesis of bcc. ptch is a twelve-pass transmembrane protein. it is an essential component of the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway that plays as a receiving receptor for members of the h...

Cyclooxygenase-2 is overexpressed in the majority of colorectal tumours leading to elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), promoting many hallmarks of cancer. Importantly, PGE2 is reported to enhance Wnt/β-catenin signalling in colorectal carcinoma cells and in normal haematopoietic stem cells where it promotes stem cell function. Although Wnt signalling plays a crucial role in intestinal s...

background: in addition to the well-defined histological criteria for squamous cell carcinoma (scc) and basal cell carcinoma (bcc), immunohistochemical techniques can be used in difficult cases for their differentiation. as differential diagnosis between trichoepithelioma (te) and bcc is sometimes difficult for the clinician and the pathologist, cd10 may be a useful marker for definite diagnosi...

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Spontaneous neoplasms in 930 control Wistar rats from five carcinogenicity bioassays conducted between 1990 and 1995 were reviewed and compared with review findings in studies between 1980 and 1990. Mean survival at 104 weeks was 55% for males and 60% for females, similar to that of the previous review. A total of 1599 neoplasms was diagnosed in 361 (78%) male and 415 (89%) female rats; 1293 (8...