Abstract An empirical model was developed to estimate the thermal conductivity of heat-treated straw bulks based on laboratory experiments. During measurements, two different types were investigated, barley and wheat. Barley used composing our define influencing parameters, wheat for validation. Both straws in a dry oxidative ambient five temperature steps from 60 180 °C. The measured at 120 kg...

A single measurement is useful for determining how far a crop has progressed through grain development, and whether it reached physiological maturity. Grain development commonly assessed by using subjective, qualitative methods that describe the look feel of kernel or colour straw. Physiological maturity in cereal crops can be determined more accurately moisture content; however, content whole ...

The agroecosystem without external energy supply can provide compensation for the needs of in liquid fuel, heat and electricity at expense plant biomass as a renewable source. Based on analysis balance agroecosystem, area under rapeseed needed biodiesel production crops bioethanol were calculated well additional quantities straw to compensate loss humus crop rotation, which sets amount that be ...

Four rumen-fistulated Holstein heifers (134 +/- 1 kg initial BW) were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to determine the effects of delaying daily feed delivery time on intake, ruminal fermentation, behavior, and stress response. Each 3-wk experimental period was preceded by 1 wk in which all animals were fed at 0800 h. Feed bunks were cleaned at 0745 h and feed offered at 0800 h (T0, no dela...