This survey represents a recollection of the contributions prominent Austrian economists on subject exchange rate determination (Mises, Hayek and Haberler). We review theoretical fundaments that allow for comprehensive understanding microeconomic forces determine rates. Then we examine Purchasing Power Parity Theory, both from neoclassical viewpoint. Finally inspect international movements mone...

background: to determine the most important preoperative factors that affect postoperative coronal parameters of scoliotic curves.   methods: all adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais) patients included in the study were classified according to lenke and king classification. the fusion levels were selected according to the rigidity of the existing curves (correction less than 50%), tilt of t1 an...

abstract export of nonoil goods in economic activities is so important and its effect on economic and comparative growth is undeniable. so, emphasize on agricultural sector and development of export in this sector prepares good conditions, for iran, to be present at international markets relying its advantages. the study tries to recognize necessary policies to enhance agricultural export poten...

the amount of impacts of changes in world prices on economic indices of a country can be studied focusing economy's openness level and volume of the country's interaction with other countries. the increase in world prices in recent years, in one hand and the consistent increase of domestic inflation in the other hand put special importance upon surveying the impacts level of the world...

â â â â  libya experienced a substantial increase in oil revenue as a result of increased oil prices during the period of the late 1970s and early 1980s, and again after 2000. recent increases in oil production and the price of oil, and their positive and negative macroeconomic impacts upon key macroeconomic variables, are of considerable contemporary importance to an oil dependent economy such...