OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of the bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt, total cavopulmonary connection, and baffle fenestration on outcome of the Fontan operation in our unit. METHOD We reviewed 123 bidirectional cavopulmonary shunts and 264 Fontan operations performed from 1980 to 1995. Analysis of pulmonary artery size (right and left main and lower lobe branches) before and after bidirect...

It is well known that a telescope with an unobstructed circular pupil delivers a smaller diffraction pattern than one centrally obstructed by its secondary mirror. Spaceborne dark energy investigations require measuring targets over a wide range of redshifts, with the most distant galaxies being the reddest, faintest, and smallest. For any given signal-to-noise (SNR) requirement, these highest ...

Objective: To assess long term outcome of patients who underwent Mustard or Senning repair for transposition of the great arteries up to 30 years earlier. Design: Retrospective review of medical records. Setting: The six university hospitals in Belgium with paediatric cardiology departments. Patients: 339 patients were reviewed, of whom 124 underwent the Mustard procedure and 215 the Senning pr...

The aim of the research presented here is to develop a new experimental device which would permit the study of multiscale and vertically-variable oceanographic flows using a system called the Hydraulic-Control Wave-maker (HCW). Both the inlet and outlet flume boundaries are composed of an adjustable set of vertical baffles. Each baffle is connected to an individual flow control system, such tha...

Past Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) work on the Rapidorr 444 required a quantitative check of its accuracy. Factory tracer tests were used to validate the developed CFD model. Since the model was a function of its input, these parameters, particularly juice and mud densities were re-calculated over an entire season and average values used. In addition a new three-dimensional model of the Rap...

Background and Objectives: Pomegranate juice (PJ) contains large particles that stick to evaporator walls causing off flavors in the concentrate due to burning. Microfiltration is used to clarify PJ. Fouling is a limiting phenomenon that can prevent the industrialization of membrane clarification. Changes in the geometry of the membrane module such as using baffles are useful to decrease this p...

In this article, stream flow effectivness is based on hydraulic network studied in the shell-side of a shell and tube heat exchange as a case study. For an appropriate heat exchangers rating design to meet a specified duty, it's better to consider each stream flow separately. Using the hydraulic network principals, a set of the correlations for calculating different stream flow rates in the cro...

Background: Phenol and nitrophenol are common compounds found in different types of industrial wastewater known as serious threats to human health and natural environment. In this study, Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the effectiveness of "baffle fixes film up flow sludge blanket filtration" (BFUSBF) system in elimination of phenolic compounds from water. Methods: D. magna cult...

Natural vegetation impacted by debris flows can act as an energy dissipator. This braking effect is similar to the one exerted baffle arrays. However, this effect, and its potential for hazard mitigation, has been studied only marginally. In work, we apply a depth-averaged model reproduce scaled laboratory experiments of flow-forest interaction.