Three-quarters of a century after the introduction of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, the first tuberculosis vaccine, new vaccines for tuberculosis are finally entering clinical trials. This breakthrough is based not only on advances in proteomics and genomics which have made the construction of new vaccines possible, but also on a greatly expanded knowledge of the immunology of tuberculosis. Here we ...

We previously showed the suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity produced by live BCG-induced, plastic-adhering cells. The present study was undertaken to determine whether prostaglandin was one of the pharmacological mediators involved in this suppression. A high level of prostaglandin E1 was detected in the culture supernatant fluid of the live BCG-induced, adherent cells. Moreover, pros...

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis that primarily infects cattle but has wide range of hosts. It represents global health problem affecting the livestock industry tremendously, with economic losses about 3 billion annually. Dairy produce decline 10% in terms liters milk produced and 5% meat because live weight loss seized carcasses abattoirs. The core ...

Lymph node cells from mice infected with live Mycobacterium bovis BCG were fused with BW5147 cells after short-term culturing in vitro. Both mycobacterium- and self-reactive T-cell hybridomas were identified. Some T-cell hybridoma clones displayed dual reactivity to self and to self plus mycobacterial antigen but did so to a different degree, indicating that infection with mycobacteria stimulat...

Using a Mycobacterium bovis BCG mutant (AS1) lacking a Bacillus subtilis L-arginine transporter homolog, we demonstrate here that the interaction between intracellular mycobacteria and the macrophage with respect to L-arginine transport and metabolism is quite complex. Intracellular AS1 stimulates macrophage L-arginine transport and accumulates 2.5-fold more (3)H label derived from L-arginine t...

In mice, the early host response to intravenous infection with small doses of dispersed Mycobacterium bovis BCG is controlled by the Bcg gene. After infection with a low dose of M. bovis BCG, Lyt-1+ cells were generated in the spleens of BCG-susceptible mice (Bcgs) in parallel with an increase in the proportion of phagocytic cells. Very few changes occurred in the splenic cell types of BCG-resi...

BACKGROUND Control of animal tuberculosis (TB) through vaccination has emerged as a long-term strategy to complement test and slaughter control strategy. A pilot trial under field conditions was conducted in a goat herd with high TB prevalence to assess the efficacy of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine. RESULTS Twenty-three goat kids vaccinated with BCG and other 22 unvaccinated control kid...

Purpose The short-term effects of intravesical chemoimmunotherapy with epirubicin and Bacillus CalmetteGuerin (BCG) administered repeatedlly for prophylaxis of recurrence of superficial bladder cancer (pTa, pT1) were investigated in 22 patients with a median of 70 years between March, 1995 and February, 1999, and were compared with those of BCG monotherapy in 50 patients between March, 1995 and...

In mice, the gene encoding Nramp1 (natural resistance-associated protein 1) exists in two allelic forms, differing for a point mutation. According to Nramp1 genotype, extensive literature documents a clear-cut distinction of inbred strains in two non-overlapping groups that phenotypically express resistance (Nramp1r) and susceptibility (Nramp1s) to systemic infections. Here, we provide evidence...

Three commonly used Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine strains elicited different magnitudes of T-cell activation and gamma interferon production in vitro in healthy BCG-vaccinated individuals. Glaxo 1077 exhibited the greatest stimulatory capacity, followed by Pasteur 1173 and then Danish 1331. These differences may affect in vitro stimulation and vaccination-induced immunogenicity.