Boron, discovered as an element in 1808 and produced in pure form in 1909, has still remained the last elemental material, having stable natural isotopes, with the ground state crystal phase to be unknown. It has been a subject of long-standing controversy, if α-B or β-B is the thermodynamically stable phase at ambient pressure and temperature. In the present work this enigma has been resolved ...

Satellite observation scheduling plays a significant role in improving the efficiency of Earth systems. To solve large-scale multisatellite problem, this article proposes an ensemble metaheuristic and exact algorithms based on divide-and-conquer framework (EHE-DCF), including task allocation phase phase. In phase, each is allocated to proper orbit incorporated with probabilistic selection tabu ...

introduction: orexin-a and b (hypocretin 1 and 2) are neuropeptides that are mostly expressed in the posterior and lateral hypothalamus (lh). intracisternal (icv) and intratechal (it) injections of orexin-a (hypocretin-1) have been shown to elicit analgesic responses in formalin test. however, the locations of central sites that may mediate these effects have not been clearly elucidated. orexin...

Figure 3: The use of the two-step approach for 3-pt waterfat separation with a bipolar acquisition. Water images from phase-sensitive IDEAL processing (a) and the two-step approach (b). A linear phase correction was applied before IDEAL in both cases. The residual fat signal in (a) (arrows) is due to the uncorrected higher order eddy currents that are resolved using the two-step approach (b). (...

background and objectives : economic constraint of diseases arising from salmonella typhimurium causes the study of this zoonotic organism more important. most studies on identification and characterization of s. typhimurium are conducted at dna level. flagellin genes (flic and fljb genes encoding phase-1 and phase-2 flagella, respectively) are useful as a model system for studying genetic diff...

We developed a protocol for determining the maximum rate of oxygen consumption of shorebird chicks (Scolopacidae and Charadriidae) in response to cold challenge. We first subjected the chicks to gradually decreasing temperatures until their metabolism peaked and began to decrease. We ended the cooling phase of a trial when a chick's body temperature T(b) had declined typically to 32-34 degrees ...

A review of the many uses of matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) in the extraction and analysis of a variety of compounds from a range of samples is provided. Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) has found particular application as a somewhat generic analytical process for the preparation, extraction and fractionation of solid, semi-solid and/or highly viscous biological samples. Its simplicit...

The weak phase 7 is conventionally probed by the B ~ p ~ mode. The predicted rate is tiny. Even if a B~-4p~ rate difference could be established, it would not be clear that sin 27 had been measured, because amplitudes with other weak phases may contribute significantly. Non-CP eigenstates, such as B ~ D ~ K -v, have a two-fold advantage over Bs~p~ Their rates are orders of magnitude above that ...

A Ramsey interrogation scheme was used to measure the phase shift of laser-cooled Rb clocktransition pseudospins arising as a result of a reversal of a bias magnetic field, i.e., B → −B, during the interrogation. While no phase shift occurred when the reversal was sudden, the Ramsey fringes were shifted by a factor of π when the reversal was adiabatic. We thus verified the prediction that the s...

Received 18 July 2022DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.106.029903©2022 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasQuantum metrologyAtomic, Molecular & Optical