The photoinduced alignment of ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) onto photochemically stable azo-dye films was studied. The alignment quality of FLC display cells depends mainly on the difference between the FLC surface energy and the aligning substrates surface energy; however, the structure and thickness of FLC layers are also important. The effect of the thickness of photoaligning azodye l...

The presence of dyes in aquatic environments can have harmful effects on life, including inhibiting photosynthesis, decreasing dissolved oxygen levels, and altering the behavior reproductive patterns organisms. In initial phase this review study, our aim was to examine categories properties as well impact their toxicity environments. Azo, phthalocyanine, xanthene are among most frequently utili...

The co-substrate is a crucial component in the bio-decolorization process that helps bacteria to grow and carry out their fundamental functions. Different types of textile dyes with diverse chemical structures are frequently employed industry, most them resistant biodegradation because xenobiotic nature. Due low carbon content dyes, particularly azo co-metabolic conditions required for decolori...

We propose an optically and electrically switchable cholesteric liquid crystal (ChLC) cell dopedwith a push– pull azo dye. When the proposed ChLC cell is exposed to UV light, it is switched from the focal-conic to isotropic state by a cholesteric-isotropic phase transition through a trans–cis photo-isomerization of push–pull azo dye molecules. With removal of UV light, the ChLC cell will rapidl...

azobenzene for 60 days. The muscle type aldolase in the livers of rats thus treated was found to be elevated when compared to nor mal liver, although no appreciable differences were ob served in total aldolase activity, mitotic index, histological architecture, and soluble protein, as well as DNA content. The appearance of this enzymic change was already observable by administrating the azo dye...

Azo dyes are used in abundance in several industries like textile, printing, paper, plastic, cosmetics, paints, etc. Extensive discharge of such dyes in adjacent water bodies has raised much environmental concern. Azo dyes are toxic to living organisms and their genotoxic and carcinogenic potentials are intensified on being released as mixtures. In the recent years, various microorganisms have ...

A polarization-dependent circular Dammann grating (CDG) was generated from an azo-dye-doped liquid crystal (LC) cell. A simple multiexposure photo-alignment process was used to fabricate a binary phase LC CDG zone plane, which was composed of an odd zone with a twisted nematic LC structure and an even zone with a homogenous LC structure. A two-order CDG with equal-intensity rings was produced t...

A water soluble azo dye modified β-cyclodextrin polymer 4 was synthesized and used as a chemosensor for the detection of chlorinated phenols, model chlorinated by-products (CBPs) of water treatment for drinking purposes. The characterization of the intermediates and the azo dye modified β-CD polymer was done by UV/Vis Spectrophotometry, FT-IR and (1)H-NMR spectroscopies. The chlorophenols were ...

The diffusion of azo-dye (DR-1) in a planar liquid crystals host (5CB) at various temperatures has been investigated by laser-induced holographic grating relaxation technique. The decay of the diffraction intensity provides information about the diffusion of photoexcited azo-dye molecules. The relaxation time constants can be derived from the time dependence of the diffraction intensity fitted ...