Few studies have investigated discomfort caused by multi-axis vibration and none has explored methods of predicting the discomfort of standing people from simultaneous fore-and-aft, lateral and vertical vibration of a floor. Using the method of magnitude estimation, 16 subjects estimated their discomfort caused by dual-axis and tri-axial motions (octave-bands centred on either 1 or 4 Hz with va...

An analytical solution for nonlinear vibration of an initially stressed beam with elastic end restraints resting on a nonlinear elastic foundation is obtained. As a first step in solving nonlinear vibration equation, the linear vibration mode functions for a beam with elastic end restraints resting on a linear elastic foundation are obtained. Then, the nonlinear vibration equation is solved by ...

Parton distributions in impact parameter space, which are obtained by Fourier transforming GPDs, exhibit a significant deviation from axial symmetry when target and/or quark are transversely polarized. In combination with the final state interactions, this transverse deformation provides a natural mechanism for naive-T odd transverse single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive DIS. The deformatio...

The vibration behavior of an atomic force microscope [AFM] cantilever with a crack during the nanomachining process is studied. The cantilever is divided into two segments by the crack, and a rotational spring is used to simulate the crack. The two individual governing equations of transverse vibration for the cracked cantilever can be expressed. However, the corresponding boundary conditions a...

In this paper, vibration analysis of thick functionally graded beam with simply supported boundary condition under constant axial load is studied. The beam has a uniform cross-sectional area and the mechanical properties of the fungtionally graded beam are assumed to be vary through the thickness of the beam. Fundamental relations, the equilibrium and stability equations based on the displaceme...

In spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), any transverse motion component of a detected obliquely moving sample results in a nonlinear relationship between the Doppler phase shift and the axial sample velocity restricting phase-resolved Doppler OCT (PR-DOCT). The size of the deviation from the linear relation depends on the amount of the transverse velocity component, given by t...

In the presented paper, the governing equations of a vibratory beam with moderately large deflection are derived using the first order shear deformation theory. The beam is homogenous, isotropic and it is subjected to the dynamic transverse and axial loads. The kinematic of the problem is according to the Von-Karman strain-displacement relations and the Hook's law is used as the constitutive eq...

The aim of this paper is to show that damage mechanisms can account for the response of lamellar bone to nanoindentation tests, with particular regards to the decrease of indentation stiffness with increasing penetration depth and to the loss of contact stiffness during the unloading phase of the test. For this purpose, indentation experiments on bovine cortical bone samples along axial and tra...

We show explicitly that the well-known Gouy phase shift of any focused beam originates from transverse spatial confinement, which, through the uncertainty principle, introduces a spread in the transverse momenta and hence a shift in the expectation value of the axial propagation constant. A general expression is given for the Gouy phase shift in terms of expectation values of the squares of the...