A Banach space X has the average distance property (ADP) if there exists a unique real number r such that for each positive integer n and all x1, . . . , xn in the unit sphere of X there is some x in the unit sphere of X such that 1 n n ∑ k=1 ‖xk − x‖ = r. We show that lp does not have the average distance property if p > 2. This completes the study of the ADP for lp spaces.

In compressed sensing, the restricted isometry property (RIP) on $M \times N$ sensing matrices (where < ) guarantees efficient reconstruction of sparse vectors. A matrix has notation="LaTeX">$(s,\delta)$ - notation="LaTeX">$\mathsf...

This paper presents acoustic analysis for the purpose of automatic evaluation of shadowing speech. We use selfchecked scores of understanding, manual prosodic scores, and TOEIC scores as reference scores of learners’ shadowing speech, and compare these scores with automatic scores based on acoustic features that can reflect phoneme intelligibility and prosodic fluency in terms of intonation, an...

Nuclear shadowing in the structure function F 3 is investigated as a possible test of shadowing models. The F 3 shadowing is studied in two different theoretical models: a parton-recombination model with Q 2 rescaling and an aligned-jet model. We find that predictions in these models differ completely in the small x region. It suggests that the F 3 shadowing could be used for discriminating amo...

This study aimed to compare the effect of teaching metacognitive listening strategies through shadowing activity on the listening comprehension of field-dependent (FD) and field-independent (FI) EFL learners. Since the researcher had access only to female participants,85 female EFL learners from a language institute in Tehran, at the pre-intermediate level of proficiency with the age range of 1...