BACKGROUND In elite sports, the growing availability of doping substances identical to those naturally produced by the human body seriously limits the ability of drug-testing regimes to ensure fairness and protection of health. CONTENT The Athlete Biological Passport (ABP), the new paradigm in testing based on the personalized monitoring of biomarkers of doping, offers the enormous advantage ...

The number of girls participating in sports has increased significantly since the introduction of Title XI in 1972. As a result, more girls have been able to experience the social, educational, and health-related benefits of sports participation. However, there are risks associated with sports participation, including the female athlete triad. The triad was originally recognized as the interrel...

Regular participation in intensive physical exercise is associated with electro-morphological changes in the heart. This benign process is called athlete's heart. Athlete's heart resembles few pathologic conditions in some aspects. So differentiation of these conditions is very important which otherwise may lead to a catastrophic event such as sudden death. The most common causes of sudden deat...

a time, and capable of ninety-four press-ups in one minute. While representing his firm in a Superstars competition, he was required to perform a maximum number of chin-ups while hanging from an overhead bar. After completing the twentieth, and final repetition he experienced left anterior chest pain. Initially present only while jogging, the pain then began to manifest itself during rest, and ...

A powerlifting athlete ruptured his left tendon of the pectoralis major muscle while attempting to lift 160 kg in a Brazilian bench press championship. The injury seemed to occur in the concentric phase of exercise; however, the more common mechanism of rupture is during the eccentric phase. The tendon was reinserted to the humerus 3 weeks later with screws and washers. The athlete returned to ...

Ankle injuries are common in sports, and the ankle sprain is the most common of ankle injuries, but there are many injuries that can mimic a sprain. In the skeletally immature athlete, bone injuries, particularly those that affect the physis, are more likely to occur than a ligamentous injury. Knowledge of relevant anatomy, physical exam, and appropriate imaging can assist the primary care prov...

Apophyseal avulsion fractures of the hip and pelvis are injuries that usually occur in the adolescent athlete. If not properly diagnosed and treated, these injuries can be debilitating to an adolescent athlete. Here the author describes an original case report of an athletic teenager with a traumatic isolated apophyseal avulsion fractures of the lesser trochanter of the left femur. No surgical ...

Objective: The present study aimed to compare mental health of female athlete and non-athlete students in the city of Indica. The research methodology was a descriptive survey, which initially described the mental health and then compared it among the students. Methods: The statistical population of the study included all high school girls in the academic year of 2012-2013 in the city of Indica...

CONTEXT Pelvic stress fractures, osteitis pubis, and snapping hip syndrome account for a portion of the overuse injuries that can occur in the running athlete. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PUBMED SEARCHES WERE PERFORMED FOR EACH ENTITY USING THE FOLLOWING KEYWORDS: snapping hip syndrome, coxa sultans, pelvic stress fracture, and osteitis pubis from 2008 to 2013. Topic reviews, case reports, case seri...