Ankle injuries are common in sports, and the ankle sprain is the most common of ankle injuries, but there are many injuries that can mimic a sprain. In the skeletally immature athlete, bone injuries, particularly those that affect the physis, are more likely to occur than a ligamentous injury. Knowledge of relevant anatomy, physical exam, and appropriate imaging can assist the primary care prov...

Apophyseal avulsion fractures of the hip and pelvis are injuries that usually occur in the adolescent athlete. If not properly diagnosed and treated, these injuries can be debilitating to an adolescent athlete. Here the author describes an original case report of an athletic teenager with a traumatic isolated apophyseal avulsion fractures of the lesser trochanter of the left femur. No surgical ...

Objective: The present study aimed to compare mental health of female athlete and non-athlete students in the city of Indica. The research methodology was a descriptive survey, which initially described the mental health and then compared it among the students. Methods: The statistical population of the study included all high school girls in the academic year of 2012-2013 in the city of Indica...

CONTEXT Pelvic stress fractures, osteitis pubis, and snapping hip syndrome account for a portion of the overuse injuries that can occur in the running athlete. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PUBMED SEARCHES WERE PERFORMED FOR EACH ENTITY USING THE FOLLOWING KEYWORDS: snapping hip syndrome, coxa sultans, pelvic stress fracture, and osteitis pubis from 2008 to 2013. Topic reviews, case reports, case seri...

Athletic collapse is rare, but personnel caring for athletes at sporting events must be prepared for it. Most cases are nonfatal and, with proper management, can have good outcomes. Medical personnel should expect the typical causes of athletic collapse that occur at the events they are covering, but rare causes should also be anticipated.

BACKGROUND Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by "noncaseating granulomas" in different organs. Clinical signs are variable and dependent on the organ involved. Although it is often asymptomatic in athletes, considering the high level of athletic performance and the related risks due to the potential heart involvement, a particular diagnostic ...

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral and the second most abundant intracellular divalent cation in the body. It is a required mineral that is involved in more than 300 metabolic reactions in the body. Magnesium helps maintain normal nerve and muscle function, heart rhythm (cardiac excitability), vasomotor tone, blood pressure, immune system, bone integrity, and blood glucose levels and...

Athletes with hypertension are frequently encountered in clinical settings and during preparticipation examinations. This common condition merits special attention in athletes, as they have particular physiologic and sport-specific demands. Awareness of the pressor response to both isometric and isotonic exercise is valuable in managing hypertensive athletes. Recommendations regarding physical ...

CONTEXT Aging changes the biology, healing capacity, and biomechanical function of tendons and ligaments and results in common clinical pathologies that present to orthopedic surgeons, primary care physicians, physical therapists, and athletic trainers. A better understanding of the age-related changes in these connective tissues will allow better patient care. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The PubMed...

As a physician, coach, or trainer, we see athletes as healthy, physically fit, and able to tolerate extremes of physical endurance. It seems improbable that such athletes may have, on occasion, underlying life-threatening cardiovascular abnormalities. Regular physical activity promulgates cardiovascular fitness and lowers the risk of cardiac disease. However, under intense physical exertion and...