This paper discusses the challenge of achieving high bandwidth, distant range wireless communication from mobile robots by way of antenna tracking. In the case of robots traversing rough terrain at moderate speeds, tracking demands high slew rates and large motion ranges due to vehicle motion disturbances. Attaining tracking accuracy, particular with the low mass and power inherent to mobile ro...

The Viking missions showed the martian soil to be lifeless and depleted in organic material and indicated the presence of one or more reactive oxidants. Here we report the presence of Mars-like soils in the extreme arid region of the Atacama Desert. Samples from this region had organic species only at trace levels and extremely low levels of culturable bacteria. Two samples from the extreme ari...

The Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) consists of 64 antennas of 12m diameter that will initially observe in 4 frequency bands between 84 and 720 GHz with spatial resolutions down to 0. 01 and velocity resolutions as fine as 0.05 km/s. These technical requirements are based on three primary science goals. We illustrate two of these requirements: (i) the ability to detect spectral line emiss...

Heliotropium sclerocarpum Phil. (Heliotropiaceae) is a resinous bush that grows in the Atacama of northern Chile. The chemical composition of its resinous exudate was analyzed for the first time. One aromatic geranyl derivative: filifolinol (1), one flavanone: naringenin (2) and a new type of 3-oxo-2-arylbenzofuran derivative 3 were isolated and their structures were determined. The antioxidant...

We report our recent progress on extragalactic spectroscopic and continuum observations, including HCN(J=1–0), HCO(J=1–0), and CN(N=1–0) imaging surveys of local Seyfert and starburst galaxies using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array, high-J CO observations (J=3–2 observations using the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE) and J=2–1 observations with the Submillimeter Array) of galaxies...

some biological characteristics of broodstock and juvenile kutum, rutilus kutum. were investigated using data collected from the estuaries of tajen and shirood rivers (tr and sr) (southern caspian sea basin) as well as from the caspian sea in 2012. the results showed higher condition factors (cf) in the male broodstocks kutum than those estimated in the female broodstock of both tr and sr. the ...

Abstract In this study, reanalysis data and a long-term simulation with the regional climate model WRF (1982–2017; 10 km resolution) is used to analyze synoptic processes associated rainfall events in Atacama Desert. Five composites, each WRF-simulated events, are studied. They selected based on clustering comprise top winter South (23°–26°S), Southeast Atacama, North (18°–23°S), summer Northea...