We demonstrate that the effect of object shift in an elliptical, astigmatic Gaussian beam does not affect the optimal fractional orders used to reconstruct the holographic image of a particle or another opaque object in the field. Simulations and experimental results are presented.

PURPOSE To objectively determine the effects of pupil size on optical quality parameters in astigmatic eyes using a double-pass instrument. METHODS We examined twenty-two eyes of 22 healthy volunteers (mean age  ±  standard deviation, 27.1 ± 2.8 years) who had no ophthalmic diseases other than refractive errors (manifest cylinder ≤ 0.25 diopters (D)). After we fully corrected cycloplegic refr...

PURPOSE To analyze the factors related to changes in astigmatism before and after suture removal in patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PK). METHODS The study group consisted of 171 consecutive PKs in 171 patients. Keratometric astigmatism was measured before and after suture removal in all patients. The vectorial difference for each eye was calculated between the examination bef...

The propagation behaviours of a sin-Gaussian beam (SiGB) with astigmatism in oceanic water is analysed. analytical expressions for the average intensity such are derived by using extended Huygens-Fresnel integral. Its and on-axial distributions numerically examined. Then, we mainly focus on effect parameters medium structure constant astigmatic SiGBs water, revealing that evolutions can be effe...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the static and dynamic contrast sensitivity changes in myopic patients before and after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS Seventy-three eyes in 37 patients with myopia (with or without astigmatism) who received LASIK were tested for static and dynamic contrast sensitivities using the METRO VISION MON ELEC I system at 0.7, 1.4, 2.7, 5.5, 11, and 22 cpd and cps...