An accurate method for deriving molar absorptivity-temperature profiles applied to a set of single-stranded oligodeoxyribonucleotides shows that the undecamer CGAGTTTGACGp exists in a hairpin conformation involving Watson-Crick base pairing between the two terminal CG dinucleotides. The hairpin, which has a transition midpoint of 40 degrees C in 0.115 M Na+, is unusually stable in comparison wi...

Setup operations on machines usually need of tooling and/or personnel to be carried out. Therefore, the length of the setup might not only depend on the machine and job sequence, but also on the number of resources assigned. This situation is common in real problems arising in several industries where setup operations in production lines are frequent. These operations are indeed setups whose le...

We study the π-calculus, enriched with pairing, and define a notion of type assignment that uses the type constructor →. We encode the terms of the calculus X into this variant of π, and show that all reduction and assignable types are preserved. Since X enjoys the CurryHoward isomorphism for Gentzen’s calculus LK, this implies that all proofs in LK have a representation in π, and cut-eliminati...