This paper is the result of a pedagogical experience, carried out with Chinese students Portuguese History. By approaching theme nineteenth-century Liberalism, we analyze new political situation resulting from outcome civil war, in 1834, namely relationship between Government Lisbon and its eastern colony. In this context, Macau assumed administrative autonomy 1848 onwards. We identified well-k...

Abstract Iran's January 2020 missile attacks on US military bases in Iraq following the assassination of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps General Qasem Soleimani correspond to a stark change approach. Iran has namely abstained from using its ballistic program (BMP), which was only used twice after 1980–88 Iran–Iraq War: 2017 and 2018, both instances retaliation against ISIS attacks. The articl...

Abstract Women environmental defenders face retaliation for mobilizing against extractive and polluting projects, which perpetrate violence Indigenous, minority, poor rural communities. The issue matters because it highlights the gendered nature of urgent need to address systemic patterns that affect women defenders, who are often overlooked underreported. Here we analyse in conflicts around wo...

This article recovers the role of Noel Mukono in Zimbabwe’s liberation struggle. The defence chief Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) from 1964 to 1973, his pioneering instigating armed struggle against white settler government Rhodesia is largely overlooked today. a leading casualty ‘patriotic history’, contemporary Zimbabwean state’s manipulation independence narrative. A journalist, left...

Recently, scholars have looked at the ethnic press through a social constructionist lens, examining process which immigrants developed sense of identity and role print culture in forming “imagined communities” (Anderson). Here, I analyze coverage 1909 assassination police Lieutenant Petrosino both mainstream Italian-American popular culture. This shocking event ignited debate over nature origin...

I study the impact of industrial policy on development by considering a canonical intervention. Following political crisis, South Korea dramatically altered its strategy with sector-specific policy: Heavy and Chemical Industry (HCI) drive, 1973-1979. With newly assembled data, use sharp introduction withdrawal policies to impacts policy---during after intervention period. show (1) HCI promoted ...