The authors point to several problems occurring if DIC = 2D(θ) − D(θ) is applied to missing data models: (i) the focus of the model depends on whether the missing data z are considered as observations or as parameters or integrated out; (ii) the parameter θ may be non-identifiable; (iii) θ can be a poor estimator of θ. They then investigate modifications of DIC mainly based on estimates other t...

The ability to use microfluidic systems to fractionate a mixture of suspended particles based on their shape could lead to important applications. In the case of bioparticles, for example, shape is an important factor used to identify and characterize them. In fact, cell morphology has long been used in clinical diagnosis and it is also a marker of cell cycle (Sugaya et al. 2011; Beech et al. 2...

There is a bewildering array of methods for estimating animal home ranges, including minimum convex polygons, bivariate ellipses, adaptive and fixed kernels, and even a Brownian bridge technique (Bullard 1991; Kernohan et al. 2001). Many people believe that the fixed kernel method using least-squares cross validation (LSCV) is the best approach currently available (Seaman and Powell 1996; Powel...

Ooms et al sets out some good general principles for a global social support system to improve fairer global competitiveness as a result of redistribution. This commentary sets out to summarize some of the conditions that would need to be satisfied for it to level up gradients in inequality through such a social support system, using the National Basketball Association (NBA) example as a point ...

Had our study been, as Young et al. imply, a data trawling exercise using hundreds of variables to look for a 'thread', then doubts about its validity might be justified. However, their account of our work bears little relationship to the methods, results or conclusions we report. For example, Young et al. claim that we used 396 tests to address our primary hypothesis. In fact, we used two. You...

Dr. Márlio Oliveira is a graduate student, Master of Science in Dentistry Program, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and in the private practice of orthodontics at Rua Mato Grosso, 450 Universal, Betim, Minas Gerais, Brazil; e-mail: marlio_ [email protected]. Dr. Pithon is a Professor of Orthodontics, Southwest Bahia State University, Jequié,...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS In the last decade, genomic studies using DNA markers have strongly influenced the current phylogeny of angiosperms. Genome size and ploidy level have contributed to this discussion, being considered important characters in biosystematics, ecology and population biology. Despite the recent increase in studies related to genome size evolution and polyploidy incidence, only a ...

The Prototype International Data Center (PIDC) began standard processing of data from the first of the new International Monitoring System’s (IMS) hydrophone stations in November 2000. The station (designated HA08) is located off the Chagos Archipelago in the Indian Ocean (Lawrence et al, 2000). This is the first IMS hydroacoustic station that allows for coherent multi-sensor waveform processin...