Palynological analyses from exposed palaeolacustrine deposits located at the flanks of Damavand volcano, in the central AlborzMountains in Northern Iran, provide a broad idea of the temporal variation of vegetation according to climate changes during a rangeof limited time intervals during the Quaternary period. This research reveals that the regional vegetation of the study area had been asemi...

the foremost constant and incessant social development in history of persian gulf is “immigration and population displacement” at both sides of this region. this phenomenon is so important that no one may comprehend properly the events and incidents occurred in this region particularly at pre- petroleum exploration regardless of investigation and considering this issue in mind. if we divide per...

Two new species of Psychodinae, Psychodidae, from the semi-arid region of Brazil are described and illustrated: Arisemus rubeni sp. nov. and Lepidiella olgae sp. nov. Only nine psychodid species were previously known from that region.

Aridity conditions in semi-arid lands with warm climates are key variables that must be assessed to properly manage water and plan minimise the threat of desertification. This study analyses spatial distribution aridity Extremadura, southwestern Spain, using De Martonne index (IDM), considering a historical reference period (1971–2005) three-time intervals: 2006–2035 (near future), 2036–2065 (m...

Northwest China is a typical arid and semi-arid region that part of Central Asia. However, during the past 60 years, climate in has shown warm humid trend, with both average extreme precipitation continuing to increase. Humidification mainly caused by anomalous westward water vapor transport. Change transport path directly related Mongolian anticyclone anomaly weakening Asian summer monsoon. Ou...