After the Chinese Communist Party took over mainland China in 1949, Chinese modern architecture underwent a signifi cant change both in practice and education. Before 1949, Chinese modern architecture had been well-characterized as a Western construct. Most architects and architectural educators haad obtained their degrees from the US, France, Britain and Japan. A small group of outstanding arc...

Women studies in architecture have been inspired by different ways of thinking, which can be summarized four ‘paradigms’: difference equality constructionist thinking and intersectionalist thinking. By revising seminal books, articles exhibitions, this paper explores the historiographical dilemmas challenges that narrating women architects’ histories involves, focusing on two most relevant ones...

The article tells us about the events of 16th Forum architects-mountain skiers, which was held in Sheregesh March 2021. participants working meetings exchanged information and discussed topical issues regional organizations Union Architects Russia. presents list winners ski, table tennis billiard competitions.

This paper presents a domain-specific dependency constraint language that allows software architects to restrict the spectrum of structural dependencies that can be established in objectoriented systems. The ultimate goal is to provide architects with means to define acceptable and unacceptable dependencies according to the planned architecture of their systems. Once defined, such restrictions ...

Numerous foreign architects and researchers came to Iran from European countries in the first half of the contemporary century to carry out various activities. One of these figures was André Godard, whose cultural and research activities are of special importance in terms of variety and effectiveness. The present study hence aims to discuss the cultural and historical backgrounds that made it p...

We present the principles of Object-Process Methodology (OPM) through its application to specification of systems from the automotive, IT and aerospace industries. Domain experts and senior system architects carried out the specifications and expressed the views in this paper. This effort was part of the coursework requirements in the Object-Process Methodology on-site/distance 2000 summer seme...

This paper presents results of case investigations of evolvable systems of systems (SoS) in the military domain. The selected SoS cases illustrate examples of specific options implemented by architects in designing SoS that resulted in evolvable SoS. The research aims to further validate the usefulness of design principles for architecting systems that possess desirable lifecycle properties suc...

In the November/December 1998 issue of Arts Education Policy Review, I introduced readers to the concept of design-based education and a study that I coauthored for the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) on the ways design is being used by American teachers in a variety of subjects. The article recounted the success that teachers have in using the methods of architects, industrial designers,...

Parametric Urbanism, pioneered by Zaha Hadid & Patrik Schumacher Architects with support coming from advanced computational technology, has been the interest of architects and urban designers in recent years. This new design thinking has been used in projects ranging from large scale urban development to building façade/surface design. However, the integration of demographics, cultural, and hum...

We present a system architect and administrator's view of system dependability issues and research suggestions. The dependability problem has been extensively studied by operators and architects, and most simple failures have known solutions. However, many operators and architects are not aware of many of the available solutions or the scope of the dependability problem. More complex failures w...