We read with interest the article by Novembre et al [1], who report that the prevalence of sensitization to horse in children was 2.7% (624 positive results in a population of 23 460 individuals who underwent skin prick testing [SPT] at their allergy unit over the last 8 years). The authors show the importance of indirect exposure to horse allergens in inducing allergic sensitization and recomm...

AIM Respiratory tract infections are considered the major problem of equine worldwide. Strangles is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory bacterial disease of equine caused by Streptococcus equi. This study is aimed to evaluate some clinical and epidemiological investigation associated with strangles and to study the hematological and biochemical changes in 20 Arabian horse naturally ...

in order to study the anatomy and histology of the testis and epididymis of caspian miniature horse, five adult stallions were used. routine anatomical and histological methods were used. anatomical study indicated that there were no differences between the testis and epididymis of the caspian miniature horse with the ordinary horse, except with the smaller sizes. the epididymis is attached to ...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of horse-riding simulator exercise on balance in elderly with knee osteoarthritis. [Subjects and Methods] Fifty elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis were recruited, a horse-riding simulator group performed exercise three times a week for eight weeks. And each exercise was performed for 30 minutes. [Results] The horse-riding simulat...

Knowledge of genetic diversity and relationships between breeds is very important for conservation programs. Hair samples were collected from 393 individual Nordestino horses and genotyped using 14 microsatellite markers in order to investigate the genetic relationship between this breed and 66 international horse breeds. There was high allelic diversity and inbreeding coefficient within popula...

Equitation science is an evidence-based approach to horse training and riding that focuses on a thorough understanding of both equine ethology and learning theory. This combination leads to more effective horse training, but also plays a role in keeping horse riders and trainers safe around horses. Equitation science underpins ethical equitation, and recognises the limits of the horse's cogniti...

Historical horse racing records show that a dramatic improvement in horse racing times (5-7%) was directly correlated with the adoption of the “Martini glass” Jockey posture, and this crouched posture is thought to decouple movements of the horse and rider, as demonstrated by kinematic observations [6]. That is, the jockey uses their legs to move relative to the horse in such as manner as to ca...

[1] We present a multiple step procedure for joint modeling of surface wave group velocity dispersion curves and teleseismic receiver functions for lithospheric velocity structure. The method relies on an initial grid search for a simple crustal structure, followed by a formal iterative inversion, an additional grid search for shear wave velocity in the mantle, and finally, forward modeling of ...

The Arabian Sea harbours one of the three major oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) in the world’s oceans, and it alone is estimated to account for∼10–20 % of global oceanic nitrogen (N) loss. While actual rate measurements have been few, the consistently high accumulation of nitrite (NO−2 ) coinciding with suboxic conditions in the central-northeastern part of the Arabian Sea has led to the general be...

The Arabian Gulf environmental status was assessed based on studies conducted in Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Yemen during 1983-2011. This review examines all sorts of pollutions in the Arabian Gulf area over the last three decades. Approximately 50 published studies were reviewed in order to determine the pollution status in the Arabian Gulf regar...